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THE 



ECLECTIC 



QUESTION BOOK. 



to Assist Pupils in Reviewing their Studies; also, Teachers in 
Examining their Classes, and Normal Schools and Teachers' 
Institutes in Class and Drill Exercises. 



ALEXANDER DUNCAN, A. M. 

Author of The "Examiner, or Teacher's Aid. 




VAN ANTWERP, BRAGG & CO., 

137 WALNUT STREET, 28 BOND STREET, 

CINCINNATI. NEW YORK. 



V5 



j\ 



PKEFACE. 



Having been an examiner for many years, the author has watched, 
with the deepest interest, the results developed in the examination of 
hundreds, nay thousands, of candidates for the Teacher's profession. 
While some of them have been gratifying, most have been sufficiently 
surprising and painful. The facts are these: 

1st. A considerable number of those applying, from year to year, are 
rejected, because they totally fail to sustain the requisite examination. 

2d. A larger number barely pass the ordeal, and receive certificates 
scarcely less discreditable than would be rejection itself. 

3d. Quite 25 per cent of the remainder pass the required examina- 
tion about half as well as they ought, and receive certificates accord- 
ingly. 

4th. Not more than 10 per cent, hardly more than 5 per cent, of the 
whole secure the highest testimonials of scholarship, which the law 
puts fairly within the reach of all. 

Convinced that there is no necessity for this state of things, and that 
he who shall point out a reasonable method of avoiding it will be do- 
ing an acceptable service, the author has prepared this work, earnestly 
hoping that it will contribute, in some degree, at least, to a higher 
and more thorough grade of qualification on the part of candidates 
for the important and responsible position of the Teacher. 

Another want I have sought to supply, viz.: a convenient manual for 
reviewing the common branches in schools. 

Keviewing, as ordinarily practiced, is irksome and almost profit- 
less. It is going over the same ground very much in the same way, but 
without the stimulus of novelty. Kather let the teacher insist on 
thoroughness from the very first, and at every step ; and then, at the 
proper time, supply his pupils with the means and method of testing 
their actual attainments, and supplying their deficiencies. It is hoped 
that the Question Book will be found peculiarly adapted to this end. 

Kindred to this might be mentioned its fitness as an auxiliary work, 
in the conduct of Teachers' Institutes and Normal Schools. 

The Author. 

Copyright, 1882, by Van Antwerp, Bragg & Co. 

(ii) 



SUGGESTIONS TO CANDIDATES. 



Remember that the object of the examination which the law re- 
quires you to pass, before you can be legally authorized to teach in 
any public school, is not to puzzle or harass you in any manner what- 
ever. It is simply to ascertain whether you have such an acquaint- 
ance with the branches specified as shall qualify you to teach them. 
You see, therefore, on what your success as a candidate must depend. 

You may and ought to be fully qualified to sustain a satisfactory 
examination. The books which treat of the branches specified lie 
within your reach. You profess to have studied them. You under- 
stand, therefore, where the requisite knowledge is to be found. Have 
you mastered it? If called upon to point out, distinctly and accurately, 
the difference between a vowel and a consonant, between a palatal and 
a lingual, between prose and poetry, can you do it ? 

Examiners will wish to know whether you can teach the various 
vowel and consonant sounds; and they will want you to show this, by 
actually making and illustrating them. Can you do it ? In a similar 
manner, they will test your knowledge of Geography. They may ask 
you why the Polar Circles and the Tropics are located where they are, 
rather than elsewhere; or, in what direction Iceland is from the North 
Pole, Australia from the South Pole, etc. Are you fully prepared to 
answer these, and other questions that may be propounded to you on 
this topic? Of course, you will expect to be subjected to a similar 
scrutiny in relation to English Grammar and Arithmetic. 

Hence, it is urged that you examine yourselves, and so familiarize 
your minds with each topic, that neither the questions here named, 
nor any others of a proper character, may find you unprepared. You 
can do this, — indeed, you can hardly avoid doing it, — if you pursue 
the course indicated in the Question Book. 

There are presented in the following pages, not the questions that 
will meet you in the examination-room, but rather such as will test 

(iii) 



iv SUGGESTIONS TO CANDIDATES. 

your knowledge of the several branches upon which you must be ex- 
amined ; and these are accompanied by such references as will enable 
you to supply, by proper study, your deficiencies. 

In using this work, in many cases, where there is more than ordin- 
ary scholarship or experience, it may answer merely to read the ques- 
tions in the order in which they are presented, answering them men- 
tally, as you proceed, being sure, however, not to pass one unanswered. 
When you come to a question calling for information which you can 
not readily furnish, avail yourselves of the reference and so study it as 
to enable you to answer, not only that question, but any similar one 
that may be submitted to you. 

But a surer, and therefore a better, method will be to supply your- 
selves with paper, pencil, and the requisite authorities, and resolutely 
determine to answer, in mating, every question found in the Question 
Book. This is decidedly preferable, especially for two reasons : 

1st. It will serve to render your knowledge definite, fixed, and sat- 
isfactory, and therefore always available. 

2d. Because written examinations are fast becoming more and more 
common, and will doubtless soon be generally adopted. 

Candidates, therefore, should accustom themselves to this mode of 
answering questions on all topics, and should study to do this with 
clearness, neatness and dispatch. With such a preparation, you need 
not fear to enter any examination-room. 

During the time of your examination, observe the following direc- 
tions : 

1st. Have your mind fixed exclusively on the business before you. 

2d. In no case resort to books or to your fellow-candidates for aid. 

3d. In your reading exercises, be deliberate and natural. 

4th. Be careful of your spelling, penmanship, punctuation, and cap- 
itals. 

5th. Do not delay too long on questions you can not answer, if, un- 
fortunately, you find such; rather pass them, leaving a corresponding 
blank in your manuscript. 

6th. Cheerfully comply with all rules and regulations established 
by the Examiners. 



CONTENTS. 



PAGE 

Orthography . 9 

Elementary Sounds 10 

Letters 10 

Diphthongs, Digraphs, and Trigraphs 10 

Capital letters 11 

Syllables 12 

Words 12 

English Grammar 13 

Etymology 13 

Nouns 13 

Properties 14 

Person 14 

Number 14 

Case 15 

Objective Case 15 

Adjectives 15 

Articles 16 

Comparison of Adjectives 16 

Pronouns 16 

Relative Pronouns , 17 

The Verb 17 

The Participle 18 

Modes 18 

Tenses 18 

Conjugations 18 

Adverbs 19 

Prepositions 19 

Conjunctions 19 

(v) 



vi CONTENTS. 

PAGE 

Interjections 20 

Syntax 20 

Elements 20 

Analysis 21 

Kules of Syntax 21 

Figures of Language 21 

Punctuation 21 

Prosody 22 

Reading 22 

Accent and Emphasis . .' 24 

Arithmetic 26 

Introduction 26 

Numeration and Notation 27 

Addition 28 

Subtraction 28 

Multiplication 29 

Division 30 

General Problems 31 

Properties of Numbers 32 

Factoring 32 

Least Common Multiple 33 

Some Properties of the Number Nine 33 

Cancellation 33 

Common Fractions 34 

Decimal Fractions 35 

Circulating Decimals 36 

Compound Denominate Numbers 37 

Reduction of Compound Numbers, etc 39 

Ratio 40 

Proportion 40 

Percentage 41 

Stocks and Bonds 42 

Premium and Discount 42 

Commission and Brokerage 43 

Stock Investments 43 

Insurance 44 

Taxes 45 

United States Revenue 46 



CONTENTS. vii 

PAGE 

Interest 47 

Promissory Notes 48 

True Discount 49 

Bank Discount 50 

Exchange 50 

Equation of Payments * 51 

Settlement of Accounts 51 

Compound Interest 52 

Annuities 52 

Personal Insurance 54 

Partnership 55 

Alligation 55 

Involution 56 

Evolution 56 

Extraction of the Cube Eoot 57 

Applications of Square and Cube Eoot . 58 

Series 58 

Mensuration 59 

Solids 61 

Geography 62 

North America 68 

The United States 69 

The New England States 71 

Middle States 72 

The District of Columbia 74 

The South-Eastern States 75 

North-Central States, East of the Mississippi 77 

North-Central States, West of the Mississippi 79 

The South-Central States 80 

Western States and Territories 81 

Canada 82 

Mexico, Central America, and The West Indies 84 

South America 85 

Europe 87 

Western and Central Europe 89 

Asia 91 

Africa 93 

Australia 94 



viii CONTENTS. 

PAGE 

United States History 95 

Part I. — Discoveries and Settlements 95 

Part II.— Growth of the Colonies 103 

Part III. — War of Independence 107 

Part IV.— Growth of the United States Ill 

Part V.— The War of the States 119 

Part VI —The Union Eestored 123 

Algebra 125 

Physiology 138 

The Art of Teaching 154 

Science of Education 159 



THE ECLECTIC 



QUESTION BOOK 



ORTHOGRAPHY. 

The references in the questions on Orthography are to Harvey's 
English Grammar, Revised Edition. 

1. What is a word? P. 7, Sec. 1.* 

2. What is language? P. 7, Sec. 2. 

3. In what two ways may it be expressed? P. 7, Sec. 2. 

4. Of what does grammar treat? P. 7, Sec. 3. 

5. What does English grammar teach ? P. 7, Sec. 4. 

6. Into what parts is English grammar divided? P. 7, 
Sec. 5. 

7. Define each of these four parts. P. 7, Sec. 6-9. 

8. Of what does orthography treat? P. 8, Sec. 1. 

9. What is an elementary sound? P. 8, Sec. 2. 

10. How would you define a letter? P. 8, Sec. 3. 

11. Into what classes are letters divided? P. 8, Sec. 3; 
small print. 



*The following contractions are frequently used in this work: Sp. for Spelling- 
Book ; Rr. for Reader ; Gr. for Grammar ; P. for Page ; Art. for Article ; L. for Les- 
son; Par. for Paragraph ; C. for Column ; Pt. for Part; Ex. for Example; Exc. for 
Exception ; R. for Rule ; N. for Note ; Rem. for Remark ; and Dem. for Demon- 
stration ; Prin. for Principle. 

(9) 



10 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

12. What do these divisions represent? P. 8, Sec. 3; 
small print 

13. What is a syllable, and how may it be represented? 
P. 8, Sec. 4. 

14. How do words and syllables differ? P. 8, Sec. 5. 

ELEMENTARY SOUNDS. 

1. How many elementary sounds are there in the 
English language? P. 8, Sec. 1. 

2. Into what classes are these sounds divided? P. 8, 
Sec. 2. 

3. Describe vocals, sub vocals, and aspirates. P. 9, Sec. 
3-5. 

4. Give a word to illustrate each of the elementary 
sounds of the vocals. P. 9. See Table. 

5. Into what classes may the subvocals and aspirates be 
divided? P. 9, Sec. 1 ; and P. 10, Sec. 2. 

6. What letters are called liquids, and why ? P. 10, 
Rem. 

LETTERS. 

1. How do the letters of the English alphabet and the 
sounds they represent compare, and what is the number of 
each? P. 11, first Par. 

DIPHTHONGS, DIGRAPHS AND TRIGRAPHS. 

1. Define a diphthong and give two examples. P. 11, 
Sec. 1 and Rem. 

2. Define a digraph and trigraph, and give five examples 
of each. P. 11, Sec. 2 and 3, and Rem. 

3. What are double consonants ? P, 12, Art. 8. 

4. What are substitutes? P. 12, Art. 9. 



CAPITAL LETTERS. 11 

5. What substitutes have a, e, i, o and uf P. 12, 
Art, 9. 

6. Give the substitutes of /, j, k, s, t, v, w, x, y, z, ch, sh, 
zh, ng. P. 13, Art 9. 

7. Write the word Alphabet, first in Roman, second in 
Italic, third in script, and fourth in old English letters. 
P. 13, Sec. 1. 

8. How are letters used? P. 13, Sec. 3 and Rem. 



CAPITAL LETTERS. 

1. When are capitals properly used? Pp. 14-17. 

2. When are they improperly used? P. 17, Sec. 1-3. 

3. Correct the following where necessary, viz. : 

(1.) The sun is the center of our system, man has a physical 
nature, the winter has been severe. 
(2.) The city paid the past year: 

for cleaning streets $10,000 

for making sewers ....... 5,000 

(3.) Resolved, that we are a free people. Be it enacted by the 
general assembly, etc., that section third be repealed. 
(4.) John said i will come. I answered to-morrow. 
(5.) let the sweet hope that thou art mine, 
my life and death attend ; 
thy presence through my journey shine, 
and crown my journey's end. 
(6.) Sarah and samuel went to the city, congress and general 
assembly met on the same day. 

(7.) George, james, emma, Cincinnati, april, February, Thurs- 
day, general grant, I. j. smith. 

(8.) president Washington, secretary Evarts. elder Wise. 
(9.) When music, heavenly maid, was young, 
while yet in early greece she sung, 
The passions oft to hear her shell, 
Throng' d around her magic cell. 
(10.) The central park. The St. John's river. The rocky mount- 
ains. 

(11.) The lord our God is eternal. Remember thy creator, 
divine love and wisdom. The ways of providence are wise. 



12 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

(12.) I know that my redeemer liveth. I am the Way, the truth 
and the life. The word was made flesh. 

(13.) Those are Japanese, the others are turks, still others are 
indians. 

(14.) The american mission, the danish government, the John- 
sonian style. 

(15.) The tariff was discussed, the pension bill passed, the secre- 
tary of the treasury was appointed. 

(16.) The emancipation proclamation. The whiskey insurrection. 
The art of teaching. Pp. 18 and 19. 

4. When should italics and small capitals be used? Pp. 
19 and 20, Sec. i-vii, and Rem. 1-3. 



SYLLABLES. 

1. Of what may a syllable be composed? P. 20, 
Sec. 1-3. 

2. Give two examples of each? P. 20, Sec. 1-3. 

3. What is an essential part of a syllable ? P. 20, 
Sec. 2. 

4. Define synthesis and analysis. P. 20. Sec. 3 and 4. 

5. Analyze fly, warm, value, wax, home and zinc. Pp. 
20 and 21, Models i-vm. 



WORDS. 

1. Of what may words consist ? P. 22, Sec. 1. 

2. Define a monosyllable, a dissyllable, a trisyllable and 
a polysyllable. P. 22, Sec. 1. Small print. 

3. Define accent, and describe its use. P. 22, Sec. 2-4. 

4. Analyze, divide into their syllables, and mark the 
accent of each of these words; viz., Lead, famous, endeavor, 
candidly, gratuitous, incomprehensible, and indefensibleness. 
P. 22, Models. 

5. How are syllables to be treated in writing at the ends 
of lines? P. 23, Note. 



ENGLISH GRAMMAR. 13 

6. Change the accent of the following words, and give 
the definition of each both before and after the change, viz.: 
In'sult, fer'ment, reb'el, rec'ord, con'jure, en'trance, in'crease 
and in'cense. See Webster's Dictionary. 

7. Define primative, derivative, and compound words, 
and give three examples of each. P. 23, Classes 1-4, and 
Note. 

8. Define prefixes, suffixes, and affixes. P. 24, Sec. 5-7. 

For a more detailed description of Orthography, see McGuffey's Ec- 
lectic Spelling Book, Revised Edition, on almost every page of which 
valuable instruction is conveyed. 



ENGLISH GRAMMAR. 

The references in the questions on English Grammar are to Harvey's 
English Grammar, Revised Edition. 

ETYMOLOGY. 

1. Of what does etymology treat? P. 25, Sec. 1. 

2. Into how many classes are words divided in respect to 
their use? P. 25, Sec. 2. 

3. What are these classes called, and why so called? 
Pp. 25-29. 

4. Give five examples of each of the parts of speech. 
Pp. 25-29. 

NOUNS. 

1. Into what two classes are nouns divided, and why are 
they so divided? Pp. 30 and 31, Sec. 1-3, and Rem. 
1-3. 

2. When two or more words form but one name, how 
are they to be regarded? P. 31, Rem. 4. 

3. Into what classes are common nouns divided? P. 31, 
Rem. 5. 



14 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

4. Define class, abstract, collective, and participial nouns, 
and give three examples of each. P. 31, Rem. 5. 

5. What are substantive nouns? P. 31, Rem. 6. 

6. Define mass nouns. P. 31, Rem. 7. 

PROPERTIES. 

1. Name the properties of nouns. P. 31. 

2. Define gender, and name the four in common use, giv- 
ing three examples of each. Pp. 31 and 32. 

3. When inanimate objects are personified, what gender 
is ascribed to them? P. 32, Rem. 1. 

4. What other exceptions are there to the rules given 
above? P. 32, Rem. 2-4. 

5. In what ways are the masculine and feminine genders 
distinguished? Pp. 32 and 33, Sec. 7, Par. 1-3. 

PERSON. 

1. Define person as a property of the noun. P. 33, 
Sec. 1. 

2. How many and what persons are there, and what 
does each denote? Illustrate by examples. P. 33, Sec. 
2-5. 

3. What exceptions are there? P. 33, Sec. 5, Rem. 1 
and 2. 

NUMBER. 

1. Define number and its use as a property of the noun. 
P. 34, Sec. 1. 

2. What numbers are used, and on what do they 
depend? P. 34, Sec. 2-4. 

3. What rules can you give for the formation of the 
plural of nouns? Pp. 34 and 35, Sec. 1-15. 

4. What exceptions are there to these rules? Pp. 35 
and 36. Art. 28, Sec. 1-5. 



ADJECTIVES. 15 

CASE. 

1. Define case and describe their number, names and 
uses. P. 36, Art. 29, and Rem. 

2. For what is the nominative case used? P. 36, Art. 30. 

3. What does the possessive case denote? P. 37, Sec. 1. 

4. How are the possessive case singular and the pos- 
sessive case plural formed? P. 37, Sec. 2 and 3. 

5. What exceptions to these rules are there? Pp. 37 
and 38, Sec. 3, Rem. 1-6. 

OBJECTIVE CASE. 

1. Define the objective case and explain its use. P. 38, 
Art. 32. 4 

2. Define the absolute case and its use. Pp. 38 and 39, 
Art. 33, and Rem. 1-5. 

3. When are nouns in apposition? P. 39, Art. 34. 

4. What do you understand by the declension of a noun? 
P. 39, Art. 35. 

5. Define parsing. P. 39, Art. 36. 

6. Write and parse five sentences, the first of which 
shall contain nouns in the singular and plural number; the 
second, nouns in the masculine and feminine genders; the 
third, nouns in the nominative and possessive cases; the 
fourth, nouns in the objective and absolute cases; and the 
fifth, nouns in the several persons. Pp. 40, 41 and 42. 
Models and Exercises. 

ADJECTIVES. 

1. Define an adjective. P. 44, Art. 41. 

2. Into what classes may adjectives be divided? P. 44, 
Art. 42. 

3. What are descriptive adjectives? P. 44, Sec. 1 and 
Rem. 1-4. 

4. Describe definitive adjectives, and tell into what three 
classes they are divided. P. 45, Art. 44, Sec. 1 and 2. 



16 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

ARTICLES. 

1. What words are articles and how would you describe 
them? P. 45, Sec. 1 and 2. 

2. Describe pronominal adjectives, their classes and uses. 
P. 46, Art. 46, Sec. 1 and 2. 

3. What are demonstratives, and for what used? Pp. 
46 and 47, Art. 47, Sec. 1-7. 

4. What are distributives, and for what purpose used? 
P. 47, Art. 48, Sec. 1-4. 

5. What are indefinites and their uses? Pp. 47 and 48, 
Art. 49, Sec. 1-17. 

6. What are numeral adjectives? How classified and 
used? P. 49, Art. 50, Sec. 1-5. 

COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES. 

1. Define comparison. P. 50, Art. 51, Sec. 1. 

2. How many and what degrees of comparison are there? 
P. 50, Sec. 2. ' 

3. How are these degrees used? P. 50, Sec. 3-5. 

4. What other forms of comparison are used? P. 51, 
Rem. 1-3. 

5. How are the degrees of comparison formed ? P. 51, 
Sec. 1, Par. 1 and 2. 

6. How in descending comparison? P. 51, Sec. 2. 

7. What other methods are in use? P. 51, Sec. 3, and 
Eem. 1 and 2. 

8. What is your model for parsing adjectives? P. 52, 
Art. 53 and 54. 

9. What are the most important cautions against the 
wrong use of articles and adjectives? Pp. 54 and 55. 

PRONOUNS. 

1. Define a pronoun and its antecedent. P. 57, Sec. 
1-4. 



RELATIVE PRONOUNS. 17 

2. What properties have pronouns? Pp. 57 and 58, 
Sec. 1 and 2. 

3. Into what classes are pronouns divided? P. 58, Sec. 
1-3. 

4. What are the personal pronouns, and how are they 
declined? Pp. 58 and 59. 

5. How would you explain the common usage of thou, 
thy, thine, thyself, we, you, it, and the compound personal 
pronouns? Pp. 59 and 60, Sec. 1-9. 

6. What is your order for parsing pronouns? Pp. 61 
and 62. 

7. What are possessive pronouns, for what most com- 
monly used, and how parsed? Pp. 63 and 64. 



RELATIVE PRONOUNS. 

1. What are relative pronouns? How classified, declined 
and parsed? Pp. 64-68. 

2. What are interrogative pronouns, and how parsed? 
Pp. 69-71. 

3. What cautions are most needed in the use of the pro- 
nouns? Pp. 72 and 73. 



THE VERB. 

1. Define a verb. P. 74. 

2. Into what classes are verbs divided? P. 74, Sec. 1 
and 2. 

3. Explain each of these classes. Pp. 74 and 75. 

4. Which verbs are regular and which irregular ? P. 76, 
Sec. 1-3. 

5. What properties have verbs? P. 76. 

6. Explain that property called voice. Pp. 76 and 77. 

Q. B.-2. 



18 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 



THE PARTICIPLE. 

1. Define a participle. P. 78. 

2. How many participles are there? Why so called, 
and how are they used and parsed? Pp. 78-82. 

3. What are auxiliary verbs, and why so called? Pp. 
82 and 83. 

MODES. 

1. What is mode? What their number and names, and 
why so called? Pp. 83-87. 

TENSES. 

1. Define tense. Give the number and names of the 
tenses, and explain their uses. Pp. 88-92. 

2. What five forms have verbs, and what does each form 
represent? Pp. 92 and 93. 

3. What are person and number in their application to 
verbs? Pp. 93 and 94. 

4. What are unipersonal verbs? P. 94. 

CONJUGATIONS. 

1. What is meant by the conjugation of a verb? P. 95, 
Sec. 1. 

2. What four forms of conjugation are in use? P. 95, 
Sec. 2. 

3. What are the principal parts of a verb? P. 95, 
Sec. 3. 

4- What is ifi& synopsis of a verb? P. 95, Sec. 4. 

5. Conjugate the verb to be in all its modes and tenses. 
Pp. 95-98. 

6. Also the verb to give in the same way. Pp. 98-101. 

7. How are the negative forms of verbs conjugated? 
P. 105. 



ADVERBS. 19 

8. What is the distinction between regular and irregular 
verbs? P. 106. Give the principal parts of six irregular 
verbs. Pp. 106-109. 

9. Define defective and redundant verbs. Pp. 109 and 
110. 

10. Give the proper order and model for parsing verbs. 
Pp. 110-112. 

11. What cautions would you give against the wrong use 
of verbs in speaking or writing? Pp. 113-115. 

ADVERBS. 

1. Define an adverb. P. 116. 

2. Name the classes into w 7 hich adverbs are divided, and 
give five examples of each class. Pp. 116 and 117. 

3. What is an adverbial phrase? P. 117, Sec. 9. 

4. How are adverbs compared? P. 118, Sec. 1-3. 

5. How should adverbs be parsed? P. 118-120. 

6. What cautions would you give in the use of adverbs? 
Pp. 120 and 121. 

PREPOSITIONS. 

1. Define a preposition and explain its use. P. 122. 

2. How many prepositions can you give? Pp. 123 and 
124. 

3. Give the order and model for parsing them. P. 125. 
What caution is necessary in their use ? Pp. 126 and 127. 

4. What directions can you give as to their proper use ? 
Pp. 128 and 129. 

CONJUNCTIONS. 

1. Give the definition, classification, and method of 
parsing conjunctions. Pp. 128-130. 



20 ECLECTIC Q UESTION B O OK. 

INTERJECTIONS. 

1. Define and give the method of parsing interjections. 
Pp. 132 and 133. 

SYNTAX. 

1. Define respectively: Syntax; a sentence; a proposi- 
tion; a principal and a subordinate proposition; a phrase; 
a discourse; a paragraph; an element; analysis; and syn- 
thesis. Pp. 143 and 144. 

2. How are sentences classified with respect to use? 
P. 144, Sec. 1. 

3. Give three of each class. Pp. 144 and 145. 

4. How are sentences classified with respect to form? 
P. 145, Sec. 1. 

5. Give five examples of each class. Pp. 145 and 146. 

ELEMENTS. 

1. What are the principal elements of a proposition? 
P. 148, Sec. 1-3. 

2. Of what may the subject and predicate of a proposi- 
tion respectively consist? P. 149. 

3. What is the copula? P. 149. 

4. Define " Arrangement of Elements." Pp. 151 and 
152. 

5. What are subordinate and objective elements? Pp. 
153 and 154. 

6. Give your mode of analysis and synthesis. Pp. 154- 
156. 

7. Describe adjective, adverbial and attendant elements, 
and show how they should be disposed of in analysis and 
synthesis. 156-161. 

8. Into what classes may elements be divided? Pp. 161 
and 162. 



ANALYSTS, 21 

9. How are phrases used in analysis as elements? Pp. 
162-164. 

10. Describe the different kinds of elements. Pp. 168- 
174. 

11. How are clauses classified? Pp. 175-177. 

12. How are sentences often contracted? Pp. 178-183. 

ANALYSIS. 

1. What directions and models would you give for 
analysis? Pp. 184-190. 

RULES OF SYNTAX. 

1. Explain and apply Kule I. Pp. 192 and 193. 

2. Give the rule for parsing the predicate nominative, 
and correct if necessary the following : It was her and him 
who you saw. P. 193. 

3. Give the remaining rules in their order, and one sen- 
tence illustrating the use of each. Pp. 190 and 222. 

4. Name the different parts of speech for which as, but, 
enough, except, like, and more are used, and give a sentence 
illustrating each. Pp. 222-228. 

FIGURES OF LANGUAGE. 

1. How are figures of language classified? Art. 237, 
Sec. 1-4. 

2. Define apheresis, syncope, tmesis, dieresis, ellipsis, 
pleonasm, simile, metaphor, allegory, synecdoche, epigram, 
hyperbole, climax, apostrophe, irony and litotes. Pp. 231- 
236. 

PUNCTUATION. 

1. What is punctuation? Art. 241, Sec. 1. 

2. What are the principal marks used in punctuation? 
Art. 241, Sec. 2. 



22 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

3. What are the rules for their use in punctuating? 
Art. 242-250. 

4. Give examples illustrating this. Art. 242-250. 

5. What other marks are used in writing? Art. 251. 

PROSODY. 

1. Define prosody, and describe the different kinds of 
poetic feet, and give examples illustrating the proper use of 
each. Art. 252-262. 

2. Define poetic license and scanning. Art. 262, 263. 



READING. 

The threefold argument of the ancient orator in favor of action as the 
fundamental qualification for successful public speaking is quite applica- 
ble to the art of teaching reading, only substituting example for action. 
Without it the teacher can do nothing successfully in this important part 
of his duty ; with it, he can work wonders. As well attempt to make first 
class singers by merely inculcating the theory of vocal music, as good 
readers by expounding the principles of elocution, unless constantly illus- 
trated and applied by the teacher in practice tuith the class. 

The references which follow are to McGuffey's Sixth Eclectic 
Reader, Revised Edition. 

1. What is articulation? P. 11. 

2. How may a good articulation be acquired? P. 11. 

3. What is an elementary sound? P. 12. 

4. How are the elementary sounds of the English lan- 
guage divided? P. 12. 

5. How should vocals be taught? P. 12. 

6. In what respect do the short and long sounds differ? 
P. 13, Rem. i. 

7. By what combinations of letters are vocal sounds often 
represented? P. 13, Rem. n. 

8. What difference should be observed in articulating 
the long and short vocals? P. 13, Rem. in. 

9. What words are best adapted for practice in the use 
of sub vocals and aspirates? P. 13. 



READING. 23 

10. How would you practice these? P. 14, Rem. 

11. Define substitutes and their use. Pp. 14 and 15. 

12. What are the most common faults observed in artic- 
ulation? Pp. 15-18, Sec. 1-5. 

13. Give three examples illustrating each of these faults. 
Pp. 15-18, Sec. 1-5. 

14. Define inflection. P. 18. 

15. How many and what kinds of inflection are there? 
Pp. 18-20. 

16. Describe their marks and uses. Pp. 18-20. 

17. When is the falling inflection required? P. 21, R. I. 

18. What exception is there to this? P. 21, Exc. 

19. What inflection does the language of emphasis gen- 
erally require? P. 22, R. il 

20. Which inflection do interrogative sentences which can 
not be answered by yes or no, require? P. 22, R. in. Is 
there any exception to this? P. 22, Exc. 

21. When the sense is dependent or incomplete what in- 
flection is required? P. 23, R. iv. 

22. What inflection is required in negative sentences? P. 
24, R. v. 

23. What effect may emphasis have on this rule? P. 24, 
Exc. 1 and 2. 

24. When interrogative sentences and members of sen- 
tences can be answered by yes or no, what inflection is re- 
quired? P. 25, R. vi. 

25. What exception to this rule? P. 25, Exc. 

26. Interrogative exclamations require what inflection? 
P. 25, R. vii. 

27. What words and members of a sentence require op- 
posite inflections? P. 26, R. viii. 

28. Define series in its application to elocution. P. 28. 

29. Define a commencing and a concluding series. P. 28. 

30. All the members of a commencing series, when not 
emphatic, generally require what inflection? P. 28, R. ix. 

31. What exception is there to this rule? P. 29, Exc. 



24 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

32. When all the members of a concluding series are not 
at all emphatic, what inflection is required? P. 29, R. x. 

33. Name the exceptions to this rule. Pp. 29, Exc. 1, 
and 30, Exc. 2. 

34. How should a parenthesis be read, and with what in- 
flections? P. 30, R. xi. 

35. For what is the circumflex used? P. 31, R. xh. 

36. What is the monotone and for what chiefly used? 
P. 32, R. xm. 

ACCENT AND EMPHASIS. 

1. Define accent. P. 38. 

2. What determines the syllable upon which the accent 
should fall? P. 33. 

3. When can reasons be assigned for common usage in 
relation to the accent of some words? P. 33. 

4. What is the secondary accent, and how is it marked ? 
P. 34. 

5. Define emphasis; show how made and applied. 
P. 34. 

6. How does it differ from accent? P. 34. 

7. What is its influence on accent? P. 34. 

8. How are emphatic words often distinguished in writ- 
ing or printing them? P. 34. 

9. What is absolute emphasis, and when used? P. 35. 

10. Define relative emphasis. P. 35. 

11. When words which are the same in part of their for- 
mation are contrasted, how is emphasis expressed? P. 37. 

12. What may be the influence of emphasis on inflection? 
P. 37. 

13. When you desire to give a phrase great force, what is 
it proper to do? P. 38. 

14. What is the effect of a short pause made before or 
after, and sometimes both before and after, an emphatic 
word or phrase? P. 39. 



ACCENT AND EMPHASIS. 25 

15. What would you teach that the inflections should be 
in reading verse? P. 39. 

16. What is the great difficulty to be avoided in reading 
verse? P. 40. 

17. What is the rule to be observed in regard to accent 
and emphasis in reading, or reciting verse? P. 41. 

18. When the melody or music conflicts with correct 
accent or emphasis, which must prevail? P. 41. 

19. What are poetic pauses, and where do they occur? 
P. 43. 

20. What fault is to be avoided in making poetic pauses? 
P. 43. 

21. What is simile in poetry, and how should it be read? 
Pp. 44 and 45. 

22. What is the natural pitch of the voice? P. 46. 

23. What do you understand by the compass of the 
voice? P. 46. 

24. How would you teach your pupils to strengthen and 
enlarge the compass of their voices? P. 46. 

25. When is a high pitch required in reading? P. 46. 

26. How would you cultivate the medium pitch? P. 47, 
Note. 

27. When is a low pitch required? Pp. 47 and 48. 

28. Define quantity as applicable to reading and speak- 
ing. P. 49. How is it usually classified? P. 49. 

29. What directions would you give for practice in long 
quantity? P. 49. 

30. What is the difference between rotundity and loudness 
of sound? P. 49, Rem. 

31. Describe medium and short quantity. Pp. 50 and 51. 

32. What kinds of sentiment and style does each require ? 
P. 51. 

33. What is movement in relation to reading and speak- 
ing? P. 51. 

34. How is movement classified, and what directions 
would you give for practice in each? Pp. 51 and 52. 

Q,. B.— 3. 



26 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

35. Describe quality in distinction from quantity in elocu- 
tion. Pp. 53 and 54. 

36. What directions would you give in relation to gesture ? 
Pp. 55-57. 

37. When should the training of youth in 'elocution be- 
gin? P. 57. 

38. What is the first requisite for good speaking? P. 57. 

39. What proportion of time in school should be given in 
teaching reading? P. 58. 

40. How may perfection in this art be acquired? P. 59. 

41. What is its comparative importance? P. 59. 



ARITHMETIC. 

The following references are all to Ray's New Higher Arithmetic. 
INTRODUCTION. 

1. What is a definition? Art. 1. 

2. Define quantity. Art. 2. 

3. What do you understand by science? Art. 3. 

4. What are the primary truths of science called? 
Art. 4. 

5. Define art. Art. 5. 

6. Define mathematics. Art. 6. 

7. Name the elementary branches of mathematics. 
Art. 7. 

8. Define arithmetic, both as a science and an art. 
Art. 8. 

9. What is a proposition? Art. 9. 

10. Into what two kinds are propositions divided, and 
how would you describe each? Art. 10. 

11. Define respectively: an axiom, a theorem, and a 
problem. Art. 11-13. 

12. Which of these, if any, are propositions. Art. 14. 



NUMERATION AND NOTATION. <21 

13. Define a demonstration, a solution, an operation, a 
rule, a formula, and a unit. Art. 15-20. 

14. What is number? Art. 21. 

15. Describe the different kinds of numbers. Art. 21 
and 22. 

16. Describe a sign ; give those most used in arithmetic, 
the names by which they are called, and the several oper- 
ations which they indicate. Art. 25-31. 

17. What is ratio, its sign, and how used? Art. 32. 

18. What is proportion, its sign, and how used? Art. 33. 

19. What are the signs of aggregation, and how used? 
Art. 34. 

20. Give the sign of continuation and its use. Art. 35. 

21. What is the sign of deduction, and how read? 
Art. 36. 

22. Which of the signs are symbols of relation ? Art. 37. 

23. On what proposition does arithmetic depend ? Art. 38. 

24. What operations respectively indicate increase and de- 
crease? Art. 38. 

25. What are the fundamental operations of arithmetic in 
their regular order? Art. 39. 

NUMERATION AND NOTATION. 

1. Define numeration and notation. Art. 40. 

2. In how many ways may numbers be expressed? 
Art. 40. 

3. How are numbers represented? Art. 41 and 42. 

4. On what does the value of a figure depend ? Art. 43. 

5. How may the word units be used? Art. 44. 

6. How are numbers arranged for convenience in read- 
ing and writing them ? Art. 46 and 47. 

7. Give the names of the periods up to the twentieth. 
Art. 48. 

8. What principles must guide in writing and reading 
numbers? Art. 48, Prin. 1-3. 



28 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

9. Give the rule for numeration. Art. 48. 

10. Write out in words the following number : 908,070, 
605,040,302,010. Art. 48. 

11. What is the rule of notation? Art. 48. 

12. Express in figures the following: Eighty octillion, 
sixty sextillion, three hundred and twenty-five quintillion, 
thirty-three billion, two hundred and two million, ten thou- 
sand and ten. Art. 48. 

13. What is the English method of numeration ? Art. 49. 

14. Describe Roman notation and its principles. Art. 50. 

ADDITION. 

1. Define addition, and name the result of the operation. 
Art. 51. 

2. Describe its principles. Art. 52. 

3. What is the process, and how would you teach it? 
Art. 52. What are the principles of addition? Art. 52. 

4. What is the rule for addition? Art. 52, R. 

5. How may addition be proved? Art. 52, Methods 1, 
2 and 3. 

6. Find the sum of 20,050 ; three hundred and seventy 
thousand two hundred ; 4,000,005 ; two million ninety thou- 
sand seven hundred and eighty ; 100,070 ; ninety-eight 
thousand and two ; seven million five thousand and one ; and 
70,007. Art. 52, Ex. 6. 

SUBTRACTION. 

1. Define subtraction, and give and explain the names 
of the numbers used in the operation. Art. 53. 

-2. Since numbers of the same kind only can be added, 
what follows as to those that can be subtracted? Art. 54. 

3. What principles are involved in subtraction? Art. 
54, Prin. 1-5. 

4. What is the rule for subtracting simple numbers ? 
Art. 54, R. 



MULTIPLICATION. 29 

5. How is subtraction proved? Art. 54, Proof. 

6. Which is the nearer number to 920,736: 1,816,045, 
or 25,427? Art. 54, Ex. 11. 

7. Define book-keeping. Art. 55. 

8. Describe the books used in book-keeping, and their 
uses. Art. 56. 

9. Describe debits, credits, and balances. Art. 57. 
10. Define balancing accounts. Art. 58. 

MULTIPLICATION. 

1. Define multiplication. Art. 59, 1 and 2. 

2. What are the numbers called that are used in the 
operation, and found in the result? Art. 60. 

3. What principles are involved? Art. 60, Prin. 1-7. 

4. Into what cases is multiplication divided? Art. 61. 

5. Describe the operation and give the rule for Case I. 
Art. 62, R. 

6. How do you prove the work? Art. 62, Proof. 

7. What is the solution, ruie, and proof in Case II.? 
Art. 63. 

8. Describe a bill of goods sold, services rendered, or 
work done. Art. 64. 

9. What is the common form of receipt? Art. 65. 

10. What is a statement of account? Art. 66. 

11. What is the process and rule when the multiplier is a 
composite number? Art. 67. 

12. What, when the multiplier is 1 with ciphers annexed? 
Art. 68. 

13. What is the process and rule when there are ciphers 
on the right in one or both factors? Art. 69. 

14. How may the work be contracted when the multiplier 
is a little less or more than 10, 100, 1,000, etc.? Art. 70. 

15. Give the rule for contraction when one part taken as 
units in the multiplier is a factor of another part so taken. 
Art. 71. 



30 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

DIVISION. 

1. Define division. Art. 72, 1, 2, and 3. 

2. By what names are the numbers used and the result 
obtained in division known? Art. 73. 

3. To what do the divisor and quotient correspond in 
multiplication? Art. 74. 

4. By what methods may division be expressed, and 
what are the principles involved? Art. 75. 

5. Of what are multiplication and division short methods ? 
Art. 76. 

6. Into what two classes are all problems in division di- 
vided? Art. 77. 

7. Describe the two methods employed in solving prob- 
lems in division ; give the rule for each, and the method of 
proof. Art. 78. 

8. Give the method and rule of contracting division 
when the divisor is a composite number. Art. 79. 

9. What is the operation and the rule when the divisor 
is 1, with ciphers annexed? Art. 80. 

10. What, when ciphers are on the right of the divisor? 
Art. 81. 

11. How do you make it appear that addition and sub- 
traction are the fundamental conceptions in all the opera- 
tions of arithmetic? Art. 82. 

12. Hence, how are numbers classified? Art. 82. 

13. How are positive and negative numbers distinguished? 
Art. 83. 

14. What do the signs X and -^ simply show? Art. 84. 

15. How are numbers affected by the signs -J-, — , X, -5-, 
employed in making numerical statements? Art. 85 and 86. 

16. What are the general principles of multiplication and 
division? Art. 87. 

17. What is a short method of multiplying by any simple 
part of a 100, 1,000, etc.? Art. 88. 

18. When a multiplier consists of any number of digits 
all alike, what is the short method and its rule? Art. 89. 



GENERAL PROBLEMS. 31 

19. What are the method and rule of contraction when it 
is required to divide by a number ending in any simple part 
of 100, 1,000, etc.? Art. 90. 

GENERAL PROBLEMS. 

1. When the separate cost of several things is given, 
how do you find the entire cost? Art. 90, 1. 

2. When the sum of two numbers and one of them are 
given, how do you find the other? Art. 90, 2. 

3. When the less of two numbers and the difference be- 
tween them are given, how do you find the greater? Art. 
90, 3. 

4. The greater of two numbers and their difference being 
given, how do you find the less? Art. 90, 4. 

5. When the cost of one article is given, how do you 
find the cost of any number at the same price? Art. 90, 5. 

6. If the total cost of a given number of articles of 
equal value is stated, how do you find the value of one 
article? Art, 90, 6. 

7. When a divisor and quotient are given, how do you 
find the dividend? Art. 90, 7. 

8. How do you divide a number into parts, each contain- 
ing a certain number of units? Art. 90, 8. 

9. How do you divide a number into a given number of 
equal parts? Art. 90, 9. 

10. If a product of two numbers, and one of them are 
given, how do you find the other? Art. 90, 10. 

11. If the dividend and quotient are given, how do you 
find the divisor? Art. 90, 11. 

12. If you have the product of three numbers, and two 
of them are given, how do you find the third? Art, 90, 12. 

13. If the divisor, quotient, and remainder are given, how 
do you find the dividend? Art. 90, 13. 

14. If the dividend, quotient, and remainder are given, 
how do you find the divisor? Art. 90, 14. 



32 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

PROPERTIES OP NUMBERS. 

1. What are these properties? Art. 91, 1. 

2. How are numbers classified? Art. 91, 2. 

3. What is an integer? Art. 91, 3. 

4. Define a prime, also a composite number. Art. 91, 
5 and 6. 

5. When are two numbers prime to each other? Art. 
91, 7. 

6. How may any even or odd number be known? Art. 
91, 8 and 9. 

7. What are perfect and imperfect numbers? Art. 91, 
10 and 11. 

8. When are the latter abundant, and when defective? 
Art. 91, 11. 

9. What is a divisor of a number? Art. 91, 12. 

10. When is one number divisible by another? Art. 91, 
13. 

11. What is a multiple of a number? Art. 91, 14. 

12. What must always be true of composite numbers? 
Art. 91, 15. 

13. What are the prime factors of numbers? Art. 91, 
16, 1st and 2d. 

14. What is an aliquot part of a number? Art. 91, 17. 

FACTORING. 

1. What is factoring, and on what principles and propo- 
sitions does it depend? Art. 92. 

2. Describe and demonstrate the propositions involved in 
factoring. Art. 93. 

3. What are the method and rule for finding the prime 
factors of composite numbers? Art. 94. 

4. Show how the prime factors common to several num- 
bers may be found. Art. 95. 

5. How do you find all the divisors of any composite 
number? Art. 96. 



LEAST COMMON MULTIPLE. 33 

6. What is the difference between a common divisor and 
the greatest common divisor of two or more numbers? Art. 
97 and 98. 

7. What principles are involved in factoring? Art. 98, 
Prin. 1-7. 

8. Find the greatest common divisor of 21, 42, 63, and 
126 by factoring, and give the work. Art. 99. 

9. Find the greatest common divisor of 165, 231, and 
1,001 by successive divisions; give the work, and state the 
rule. Art. 100. 

LEAST COMMON MULTIPLE. 

1. Define a common and a least common multiple of two 
or more numbers. Art. 101 and 102. 

2. What are the principles involved? Art. 102. 

3. Find the least common multiple of 4, 8, 14, 21, 28, 
by factoring the numbers separately ; give the work and the 
rule. Art. 103. 

4. Find the least common multiple of 30, 45, 48, 80, 
120, 135, by dividing the numbers successively by their 
contmon primes. Art. 104. 

SOME PROPERTIES OP THE NUMBER NINE. 

1. Show how addition, subtraction, multiplication, and 
division are proved by casting out the 9s. Art. 105. 

CANCELLATION. 

1. Define cancellation; give the sign and the principles 
involved. Art. 106. 

2. State the rule, and solve the following by cancellation, 
giving the work : How many bales of cotton, of 400 pounds 
each, at 12 cents a pound, are equivalent to 6 hogsheads of 
sugar, 900 pounds each, at 8 cents a pound? Art. 106. 



34 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

COMMON FRACTIONS. 

1. "What is a fraction? Art. 107. 

2. Into what two classes are they divided? Art. 108. 

3. How are common fractions expressed? Art. 109. 

4. Describe the denominator and numerator. Art. 110 
and 111. 

5. What are the terms of a fraction? Art. 112. 

6. What does every fraction imply? Art. 113. 

7. What two ways are there of considering a fraction 
whose numerator is greater than one? Art. 114. 

8. On what does the value of a fraction depend? Art. 
115. 

9. Into what classes are common fractions divided? 
Art. 116. 

10. Describe each of these classes. Art. 117-122. 

11. How may a whole number be expressed fractionally? 
Art. 123. 

12. What is the reciprocal of a number? Art. 124. 

13. When are fractions similar and dissimilar? Art. 125 
and 126. 

14. Define the numeration of fractions. Art. 127. 

15. Describe the notation of fractions, and give the rule 
both for reading and writing them. Art. 128. 

16. Write nine forty-seconds and twenty-four one hundred 
and fifteenths. Art. 128. 

17. What principles follow from the fact that a fraction 
is an indicated division? Art. 129. 

18. In what does the reduction of fractions consist? 
Art. 130. 

19. Give the method of reducing a fraction to its lowest 
terms and the rule. Art. 131. 

20. How do you reduce a fraction to higher terms? Art. 
132. 

21. Give the method of reducing a whole or mixed num- 
ber to an improper fraction. Art. 133. 



DECIMAL FRACTIONS. 35 

22. What is the rule for reducing an improper fraction to 
a whole or mixed number? Art. 134. 

23. How do you reduce compound to simple fractions? 
Art. 135. 

24. When are two or more fractions said to have a com- 
mon denominator? Art. 136. 

25. What is the least common denominator (L. C. D.) of 
two or more fractions, and what principles are involved? 
Art. 137. 

26. Show how you reduce fractions to equivalent fractions 
having a common denominator. Art. 138. 

27. By what method and rule do you reduce fractions to 
equivalent fractions having the least common denominator? 
Art. 139. 

28. How are fractions added? Art. 140 and rule. 

29. How subtracted? Art. 141. 

30. How would you define the multiplication of fractions, 
and by what rule is the work done? Art. 142. 

31. What must be paid for f of f of a lot of groceries 
that cost S18f ? Give the work. Art. 142. 

32. What are the three cases in the division of fractions, 
and what is the rule? Art. 143. 

33. How are complex fractions reduced to simple ones? 
Art. 144. 

34. Define the greatest common divisor of two or more 
fractions. Art. 145. 

35. Describe the least common multiple of two or more 
fractions, and give the rule for finding it. Art. 146. 

DECIMAL FRACTIONS. 

1. Define a decimal fraction. Art. 147. 

2. How do the orders of integers decrease? Art. 148. 

3. Define the terms, decimal places and decimals. Art. 
149. 

4. How are decimals distinguished from integers? Art. 
150. 



36 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

5. What is a pure decimal? Art. 151. 

6. What is a mixed decimal? Art. 152. 

7. Describe a complex decimal. Art. 153. 

8. What principles are derived from the general law of 
notation? Art. 154. 

9. Describe numeration and notation of decimals. Art. 
155. 

10. Write : Forty-eight thousand three hundred and five 
thousandths. Art. 156. 

11. What do you understand by the reduction of deci- 
mals? Art. 157. 

12. What is the method of reducing a decimal to a com- 
mon fraction? Art. 158. 

13. How do you reduce common fractions to decimals? 
Art. 159. 

14. How are decimals added? Art. 160. 

15. Give the method and rule for subtracting decimals. 
Art. 161. 

16. Also, for multiplying them. Art. 162. 

17. What is Oughtred's method of abbreviating multipli- 
cation, and when is it practicable ? Art. 163. 

18. Describe the method of dividing decimals, and give 
the rule for the same. Art. 164 and 165. 

19. What principles are involved? Art. 165, 1 and 2. 

20. Describe and illustrate Oughtred's method, and give 
the rule. Art. 166. 

CIRCULATING DECIMALS. 

1. How do circulating decimals arise? Art. 167. 

2. What principles apply? Art. 167, Prin. I. and II. 

3. By what names are interminate decimals usually 
known, and why? Art. 168. 

4. Define a circulate, a repetend, a pure circulate, a 
mixed circulate, a simple repetend, a compound repetend, a 
perfect repetend, similar and dissimilar repe tends, contermi- 
nous and co-originous repetends. Art. 168, 1-12. 



COMPOUND DENOMINATE NUMBERS. 37 

5. How may terminate decimals become repe tends? 
Art. 169. 

6. How may a circulate* be changed into its equivalent 
common fraction? Art. 170. 

7. Of what simple arithmetical operations are circulat- 
ing decimals susceptible? Art. 171. 

8. Show how to reduce a pure circulate to a common 
fraction. Art. 172 and K. 

9. Show by example how to reduce a mixed circulate to 
a common fraction. Art. 173. 

10. Solve the following: J23 and 2.63. Art. 173, R. 

11. Describe the process of finding the sum of two or 
more circulates, and add the following: 6, .138, .05, .0972, 

.0416. Art. 174. 

12. Describe the subtraction of circulates, and find the 
difference between 37.0128 and 100.73. Art. 175. 

13. How do you multiply circulates? Art. 176 and R, 

14. What is the process and rule for dividing circulates? 
Art. 177. 

COMPOUND DENOMINATE NUMBERS. 

1. Define measure and its use, denomination, a denomi- 
nate number, and a compound denominate number. Art. 
178, 1-5. 

2. Under what divisions may all denominate numbers be 
embraced? Art. 178, 6. 

3. Define value and its different kinds, and money and 
its use. Art. 179. 

4. Describe United States money. Art. 180. 

5. How are sums of United States money read? Art. 
181. 

6. Describe English or Sterling money. Art. 182. 

7. Describe French money. Art 183. 

8. Describe German money. Art 184. 

9. Describe weight and its kinds. Art. 185. 



38 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

10. Explain the uses of Troy weight, and give its table. 
Art. 187. 

11. In like manner explain the use of apothecaries' 
weight, and give its table. Art. 188. 

12. Next treat avoirdupois or commercial weight in the 
same way. Art. 189. 

13. Compare avoirdupois and Troy weight, and give the 
table of diamond weight. Art. 190. 

14. Explain extension and its dimensions. Art. 191. 

15. What measures are embraced in extension? Art. 192. 

16. For what is linear measure used? What are its 
standard, units, and table? Art. 193. 

17. Explain chain measure and its use ; also give its table. 
Art. 194, and Rem. 1-3. 

18. Explain mariners measure and give its table. Art. 
195. 

19. Explain cloth measure and its use. Art. 196. 

20. For what is superficial or surface measure used, and 
what is its table? Art. 197. 

21. Give the table used by surveyors. Art. 198. 

22. What is solid measure, its use, unit, and table? Art. 
199. 

23. Into what classes are measures of capacity divided? 
Art. 200. 

24. Define liquid measure ; give its uses and its table. 
Art. 201. 

25. Give the table for apothecaries' fluid measure, and 
state its use. Art. 202. 

26. For what is dry measure used ? Give its unit, and its 
table. Art. 203. 

27. Explain angular or circular measure. Art. 204. 

28. What are the method and table for measuring time? 
Art. 205. How are leap years determined? Art. 206. 

29. What is longitude, and how found? Art. 207. 

30. Give the tables for book and paper measure. Art. 
208. 



REDUCTION OF COMPOUND NUMBERS, ETC. 39 

31. Describe the metric system, its origin, and primary 
unit. Art. 209. 

32. How are the names of the lower and higher denom- 
inations formed? Art. 210. 

33. What are the units of the various measures to which 
these prefixes are attached? Art. 211. 

34. What is the unit of length in the metric system? 
Art. 212. 

35. What is the unit of surface measure, and how ap- 
plied? Art. 213. 

36. Explain the measure of capacity, and give the table. 
Art. 214. 

37. Do the same for the measure of weight. Art. 215. 

38. W T hat principles are derived from the metric system? 
Art. 216. 

39. How do the values of the metric system compare with 
those in common use? Art. 217. 

REDUCTION OF COMPOUND NUMBERS, ETC. 

1. How would you define reduction of compound num- 
bers, and in what two ways does it take place? Art. 218. 

2. Give the principles involved. Art. 218, Prin. 1 
and 2. 

3. What are the method and rule for reducing from 
higher to lower denominations? Art. 219. 

4. What, from lower to higher denominations? Art. 
220. 

5. Of what arithmetical operations are compound num- 
bers susceptible? Art. 221. 

6. Give the method and rule for adding them. Art. 
221. 

7. Give, the method and rule for subtracting them. 
Art. 222. 

8. What is the difference between £9 18 s. 6Jd. and 
£20? Give the work. Art. 222, Ex, 20. 



40 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

9. Give the process and rule for multiplying compound 
numbers. Art. 223. Work out the following: 26 bu. 2 
pk. 7 qt. .37 pt. X 10. Art. 223, Ex. 10. 

10. How do you divide compound numbers? Art. 224. 

11. Work out the following: 76 yr. 108 da. 2 hr. 38 mi. 
26.18 sec. -45. Art. 224, Ex. 11. 

12. How do you find the difference of longitude between 
two places when the difference of time is given? Also, the 
difference of time when their longitudes are given? What 
is the rule for each case? Art. 225 and 226. 

13. What are aliquot parts, and what is the rule for 
their use? Art. 227. 

14. Solve the following problem by aliquot parts, and 
give the work: If the heart beats 97,920 times each day, 
how many times would it beat in 8 da. 5 hr. 25 min. 30 sec? 
Art. 227, Ex. 5. 

RATIO. 

1. Define ratio. 

2. How is it found? 

3. What is its sign? 

4. Each number is called what, and both together what? 

5. What is a simple and a compound ratio? 

6. What is the reciprocal of a ratio? 

7. What is an inverse ratio? 

8. On what does the value of a ratio depend? For 
these eight questions see Art. 228, 1-9. 

9. What principles and general law are involved in 
ratio? Art. 229. 

PROPORTION. 

1. Define proportion and give its sign. Art. 230, 1 
and 2. 

2. What are the ratios compared called? Art. 230, 3. 

3. Which terms are extremes, which means, and which 
proportionals? Art. 230, 5. 



PER CENT A QE. 41 

4. When three numbers are proportional, what is the 
second number called? Art. 230, 6. 

5. Define simple and compound proportion. Art. 230, 7. 

6. What are the object and rule of simple proportion? 
Art. 231. 

7. Solve the following and give the work : If I go a 
journey in 12J days, at 40 miles a day, how long would it 
take me at 29} miles a day? Art. 231, Ex. 20. 

8. What is compound proportion, and how does it differ 
from simple proportion? Art. 232. 

9. Give the rule for the latter. Art. 232, R. 

10. Give the Cause and Effect Rule for solving problems 
in compound proportion. Art. 232 and 233. 

PERCENTAGE. 

1. Explain percentage ; give its derivation, its sign, its 
elements. Art. 234, 1-9. 

2. What is a convenient notation for use? Art. 235. 

3. The base and rate being given, how do you find the 
percentage? Art. 236. 

4. Give the rules applicable and demonstrate by exam- 
ples. Art. 236. 

5. The base and percentage being given, how do you find 
the rate? Art. 237. 

6. What rules would you give for this? Art. 237, R. 1, 
and R. 2. 

7. The rate and the percentage being given, what are 
your process and rule for finding the base? Art. 238. 

8. The rate and the amount or difference being given, 
how do you find the base? Art. 239. 

9. What additional formulas may also be employed with 
advantage? Art. 240. 

10. What are the two principal applications of percentage ? 
Art. 241. 

11. Define profit and loss. Art. 242. 

Q. B.-4. 



42 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

12. What are the four cases of profit and loss ? Art. 243. 

13. The cost and the rate being given, how do you find 
the profit or loss? Art. 244. 

14. Solve the sixth example for practice under Art. 244, 
and give the work. 

15. The cost and the profit or loss being given, how do 
you find the rate? Art. 245. 

16. The profit or loss, and the rate being given, how do 
you find the cost? Art. 246. 

17. The selling price and the rate being given, how do 
you find the cost? Art. 247. 

STOCKS AND BONDS. 

1. Define the following terms : A company, a corpora- 
tion, a charter, shares, scrip, stocks, a bond, an assessment, 
and a dividend. Art. 248. 

2. What four cases arise from problems involving divi- 
dends and assessments? Art. 249. 

3. The stock and the rate being given, how do you find 
the dividend or assessment? Art. 250. 

4. The stock and dividend or assessment being given, 
how do you find the rate? Art. 251. 

5. The dividend or assessment and the rate being given, 
how do you find the stock? Art. 252. 

6. The rate and the stock plus the dividend, or the 
stock minus the assessment, being given, how do you find the 
stock? Art. 253. 

PREMIUM AND DISCOUNT. 

1. Define the following terms: Premium, discount, par, 
drafts, bills of exchange, checks, par value, market value, 
discount, premium, rate of premium, rate of discount. Art. 
254. 

2. To what cases do problems involving premium or dis- 
count give rise? 'Art. 255. 



COMMISSION AND BROKERAGE. 43 

3. The par value and the rate being given, how do you 
find the premium or discount? Art. 256. 

4. The face and the discount or premium being given, 
how do you find the rate? Art. 257. 

5. The discount or premium and the rate being given, 
how do you find the face? Art. 258. 

6. The market value and the rate being given, how do 
you find the par value? Art. 259. 

COMMISSION AND BROKERAGE. 

1. Define the following terms: A commission merchant, 
agent, factor, principal, commission, consignment, consignor, 
consignee, net proceeds, guaranty of payment, a broker, and 
brokerage. Art. 260. 

2. To what cases do problems involving commission and 
brokerage give rise? Art. 261. 

3. The amount of sale, purchase, or collection, and the 
rate being given, how do you find the commission? Art. 
262. 

4. The commission and amount of sale, purchase, or col- 
lection being given, how do you find the rate? Art. 263. 

5. The commission and rate being given, how do you 
find the sum on which commission is charged? Art. 264. 

6. The rate of commission and the net proceeds or the 
whole cost being given, how do you find the sum on which 
the commission is charged? Art. 265. 

7. Solve the seventh example under Art. 265, and give 
the work. 

STOCK INVESTMENTS. 

1. Describe a stock exchange. Art. 266, 1. 

2. Name and describe the two kinds of United States 
government bonds. Art. 266, 2. 

3. By what are various kinds of United States bonds 
distinguished? Art. 266, 3. 



44 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

4. By what authorities, aside from the United States 
government, are bonds issued? Art. 266, 4. 

5. Explain the terms and abbreviations in common use 
in legitimate stock transactions. Art. 266, Rem. 1-5. 

6. What quantities are involved in problems in stock in- 
vestments? Art. 267. 

7. What five cases arise from these quantities, and how 
are they solved? Art. 267. 

8. What would you consider a convenient notation for 
making the necessary formulas? Art. 268. 

9. The amount invested, the market value, and the rate 
of dividend or interest being given, how do you find the 
income? Give the formula applicable. Art. 269. 

10. The amount invested, the market value, and the in- 
come being given, how do you find the rate of dividend or 
interest? What formula applies? Art. 270. 

11. Solve the third example under this article, and give 
the work. Art. 270. 

12. The income, rate of dividend, and market value being 
given, how do you find the amount invested? Art. 271. 

13. Give the proper formula for this case, and solve the 
fourth example under this article, giving the work. Art. 271. 

14. The market value and the rate of dividend or interest 
being given, how do you find the rate of income? Art. 272. 

15. What formula is applicable? Art. 272. 

16. Given the rate of income and the rate of dividend or 
interest, how do you find the market value? Art. 273. 

17. What is the formula for this case, and how do you 
solve the fourth example under it? 

INSURANCE. 

1. What is insurance? Art. 274. 

2. What two kinds are there? Art. 274, 2. 

3. Into what two classes is property insurance divided? 
Art. 274, 3. 



TAXES. 45 

4. What is fire insurance? Art. 274, 4. 

5. What other kinds of insurance are there? Art. 274, 
5, and notes. 

6. Into what kinds is personal insurance divided? Art. 
274, 6. 

7. Define the following terms: Insurer or underwriter, 
risk, the insured, contract, primary elements, policy, pre- 
mium, rate, amount or valuation. Art. 274, 7-15. 

8. How is insurance business carried on? Art. 274, 16. 

9. What are the two kinds of companies? Art. 274, 17. 

10. Under what principles are insurance operations trans- 
acted, and what quantities are involved therein? Art. 275. 

11. The rate of insurance and the amount insured being 
given, how do you find the premium? Art. 276. 

12. Solve the sixth example under this case, and give the 
work. Art. 276. 

13. The amount insured and the premium being given, 
how do you find the rate of insurance ? Art. 277. 

14. The premium and the rate of insurance being given, 
how do you find the amount insured? Art. 278. 

15. Solve the fourth example under this case, and give 
the work. Art. 278. 

TAXES. 

1. What is a tax? What different kinds of taxes are 
there ? Define a direct tax ; an indirect tax ; a poll tax ; a 
property tax ; state and local taxes ; an assessor ; an assess- 
ment roll; a collector. Art. 279, 1-11. 

2. What are the quantities involved, and what do they 
require for the solution of the problems connected with tax- 
ation? Art. 280. 

3. The taxable property and the rate being given, how 
do you find the property tax? Art. 281. 

4. Solve the second example under this case, and give 
the work. Art. 281. 



46 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

5. The taxable property and the tax being given, how 
do you find the rate? Art. 282. 

6. Give the formula and solve the third example under it. 

7. The tax and the rate being given, how do you find 
the assessed value of the property? Art. 283. 

8. The amount left after payment of tax, and the rate 
being given, how do you find the assessed value of the prop- 
erty? Art. 284. 

9. Give the formula and solve the first example under it. 

UNITED STATES REVENUE. 

1. From what does the revenue of the United States 
arise? Art. 285, 1. 

2. From what is the internal revenue derived? Art. 
285, 2. 

3. What are customs and duties? Art. 285, 3. 

4. What are ad valorem and specific duties, respectively? 
Art. 285, 4 and 5. 

5. What is an invoice? Art. 285, 6. 

6. What is a tariff? Art. 285, 7. 

7. Where are duties collected? What are the principal, 
custom-house officers? What is tare? How many pounds 
in a custom-house cwt? Art. 285, 7, N. 

8. How are problems in United States customs solved? 
Art. 286. 

9. What quantities are involved, and to what do they 
correspond? Art. 286. 

10. The invoice price and the rate being given, how do 
you find the duty? Art. 287. 

11. The invoice price and the duty being given, how do 
you find the rate? Art. 288. 

12. Give the formula, and solve the third example under 
article 288. 

13. The duty and the rate being given, how do you find 
the invoice price? Art. 289. 



INTEREST. 47 

14. The entire cost and the rate being given, how do you 
find the invoice price ? Art. 290. 

15. Give the formula and solve example three (giving the 
work) under this case. Art. 290. 

INTEREST. 

1. What is interest? Art. 291, 1. 

2. Define the following terms in their application to in- 
terest: The principal, rate of interest, and amount. Art. 
291, 2-4. 

3. When is interest payable? Art. 291, 5. 

4. What is the legal rate of interest? Art. 291, 6. 

5. What is usury? Art. 291, 7. 

6. When no per cent of interest is mentioned in the 
note, how much is collectable by law? When stipulated in 
the note, what per cent may be collected? Art. 291, 7, 
Rem. and N. 

7. What kinds of interest are there? Art. 291, 8. 

8. Define simple interest. Art. 291, 9. 

9. How does simple interest differ in its applications from 
the percentage applications already given? Art. 292. 

10. What quantities are embraced in questions of interest, 
any three of which being given, the others may be found? 
Art. 293. 

11. What is the notation given for formulas? Art. 294. 

12. The principal, the rate, and the time being given, 
how do you find the interest and the amount? Art. 295. 

13. Give the problem and the rule under it, and solve 
the seventh example under article 295. 

14. Explain and apply the method by aliquot parts. 
Art. 296. 

15. Also, explain and apply the six per cent methods. 
Art. 297. 

16. Solve the tenth example under article 297, and give 
the work and the rule. 



48 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

17. The principal, the rate, and the interest being given, 
how do you find the time? Art. 298. 

18. Solve the seventh example under this article, and 
give the work and the rule. Art. 298. 

19. The principal, interest, and time being given, how do 
you find the rate? Art. 299. 

20. Give the formula and rule applicable. Art. 299. 

21. Solve the seventh example under this article, and 
give the work. Art. 299. 

22. The interest, rate, and time being given, how do you 
find the principal? Art, 300. 

23. Solve the fifth example under article 300. 

24. The amount, rate, and time being given, how do you 
find the principal? Art. 301. 

25. Solve the third example under article 301. 

PROMISSORY NOTES. 

1. Define a promissory note* Art. 302, 1. 

2. Explain the following terms: The face, the maker, 
the payee, the original parties, the holder, the indorser, a 
time note. Art. 302, 2-7. 

3. Write out a note in the ordinary form ; also, a joint 
note, a principal and surety note, and a demand note, all 
four in proper form and order. Art, 302, 7 and 8. 

4. What notes are negotiable, and how? Art. 302, 9. 

5. What notes do not require an indorsement on being 
transferred? Art. 302, 10. 

6. What is necessary as to indorsement with notes pay- 
able to order on being transferred? Art. 302, 11. 

7. How may an indorser free himself from responsibility 
for the payment of a note? Art. 302, 11, Rem. 1. 

8. Describe blank andjspecial indorsements. Art. 302, 
11, Rem. 2. 

9. What words are essential to a valid promissory note? 
Art. 302, 12. 



TRUE DISCOUNT. 49 

10. What is the effect .where a note contains the words, 
4 'with interest"? Art. 302, 13. 

11. When is a note legally due? Art. 302, 14. 

12. When is a note said to go to protest? Art. 302, 15. 

13. What forms are necessary in protesting a note? Art. 
302, 15, Rem. 

14. If a note is payable a certain time "after date," how 
do you find the day it is legally due? Art. 303. 

15. Find the maturity and amount of following note : 

$4,650.80. St. Louis, Mo., Aug. 10, 1875. 

For value received, three months after date I promise to pay 
Oliver Davis, or order, four thousand six hundred and fifty T y> 7 
dollars, with interest at the rate of 10 per cent per annum, negoti- 
able and payable without defalcation or discount. 

Surety, Oliver Davis. Milton Moore. 

$4770.95. Art. 303. 

16. Explain annual interest. Art. 304. 

17. Solve the first example under this article, and give 
the work and rule. Art. 304. 

18. What are partial payments? Art. 305. 

19. What is the United States Rule? Art. 306. 

20. On what principles is it based? Art. 307. 

21. Work out the second example on page 263, and give 
the work. Art. 307. 

22. What is the Connecticut Rule? Art. 308. 

23. Give, also, the Vermont rule. Art. 308. 

24. What is the Mercantile Rule, and by whom is it 
used? Art. 309. 

TRUE DISCOUNT. 

1. Define discount, present worth, and true discount. 
Art. 310, 1-3. 

2. How may the different cases of true discount be 
solved? Art. 311. 

3. The face, time, and rate being given, how do you 
find the present worth and true discount ? Art. 312. 

Q,. B.-5. 



50 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

BANK DISCOUNT. 

1. What is a bank? Art. 313. 

2. What are the chief functions of a bank? Art. 313, 2. 

3. How are banks classified? Art. 313, 2, Rem. 

4. Into what two general classes may banks of the Uni- 
ted States be divided? Art. 313, 3. 

5. Define the following terras in their application to 
banking: A check, a draft, a sight-draft, a time-draft, the 
signer, the drawee, the payee, the indorsement. Art. 313, 
4-13. 

6. How are problems in bank discount solved ? Art. 314. 

7. The face of the note, the rate, and the time being 
given, how do you find the discount and proceeds? Art. 
315. 

8. Work out the fourth example under this article. 
Give the work and the rule. Art. 315. 

9. The proceeds, time, and the rate of discount being 
given, how do you find the face of the note? Art. 316. 

10. Give the solution and work of the fifth example under 
article 316. 

11. The rate of bank discount being given, how do you 
find the corresponding rate of interest? Art. 317. 

12. The rate of interest being given, how do you find the 
corresponding rate of discount? Art. 318. 

13. Solve the third example under article 318, and give 
the work. 

EXCHANGE. 

1. Define exchange, a bill of exchange, domestic ex- 
change, and foreign exchange. Art. 319, 1-6. 

2. How are foreign bills of exchange drawn? 

3. Give an example fully written out. ■ Art. 319-7. 

4. What is the rate of exchange? Art. 319, 8. 

5. Define the course of exchange. Art. 319, 9. 

6. What is the par of exchange? Art. 319, 10. 



EQ UA TION OF PA YMENTS. 51 

7. Describe intrinsic par of exchange. Art. 319, 11. 

8. What is commercial par of exchange? Art. 319, 12. 

9. In accordance with what principles are problems in 
domestic exchange solved where time is involved ? Art. 320. 

10. Solve the fourth example under article 320. 

11. Describe foreign exchange and the method of getting 
it. Art. 321. 

12. Solve the third example under article 321. 

13. Describe arbitration of exchange. Art. 322, 1-4. 

14. Solve problem first, on p. 285. Art. 322. 

EQUATION OF PAYMENTS. 

1. Define equation of payments. Art. 323, 1. 

2. What is equated time? Art. 323, 2. 

3. What is the term of credit? Art, 323, 3. 

4. What is the average term of credit? Art. 323, 4. 

5. What is it to average an account? Art. 323, 5. 

6. Explain settling or closing an account. Art. 323, 6. 

7. What is the focal date? Art. 323, 7. 

8. On what is the equation of payments based? Art. 
324, Prin. 1 and 2. 

9. What is the rule when the terms of credit begin at 
the same date? Art. 325. 

10. What is a compound equation? Art. 326. 

11. Solve example- ninth, on p. 291, and give the work. 
Art. 326. 

SETTLEMENT OF ACCOUNTS. 

1. What is an account? Art. 327. 

2. What is an account current? Art. 327, 2. 

3. What is aimed at by the parties in settling an ac- 
count? Art. 328, 1 and 2. 

4. What are the processes respectively called ? Art. 328. 

5. How is interest reckoned, generally, in accounts cur- 
rent? Art. 329. 



52 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

6. What are bills receivable? Art. 329, Ex. 2, Rem. 

7. Define account sales. Art. 330. 

8. How are such accounts averaged? Art. 331. 

9. What are storage accounts? Art. 332. 



COMPOUND INTEREST. 

1. What is compound interest? Art. 333, 1, 2, and 3. 

2. The principal, rate, and time being given, how do 
you find the compound interest and amount? Art. 334. 

3. Solve the fourth example on p. 300. Give the work 
and the rule. Art. 334. 

4. For what are compound interest tables used? Art. 
335. 

5. Illustrate the method of using these tables. Art. 335, 
Pp. 302, 303, and 304. 

6. Solve the seventh example on p. 304, and give the 
work. Art. 335. 

7. The principal, rate, and compound interest or amount 
being given, how do you find the time? Art. 336. 

8. Give the rule, and solve the third example under it, 
giving the work. Art. 336, R. 

9. The principal, the compound interest or amount, and 
the time being given, how do yon find the rate? Art. 337. 

10. Solve the fourth example under this case, and give 
the work and the rule. Art. 337. 

11. The compound interest or amount, the time, and the 
rate being given, how do you find the principal ? Art. 338. 

12. Solve the third example under this article, giving 
the rule and work. Art. 338. 

ANNUITIES. 

1. Define an annuity, a perpetual annuity, a limited 
annuity, a certain annuity, a contingent annuity, an imme- 
diate annuity, and a deferred annuity. Art. 339, 1-7. 



ANNUITIES. 53 

2. When is an annuity forborne or in arrears? Art. 
339, 8. 

3. Describe the forborne or final value of an annuity. 
Art, 339, 9. 

4. What is the present value of an annuity? Art. 
339, 10. 

5. What is the initial value of an annuity? Art. 339, 11. 

6. What do the practical applications of annuities in- 
clude? Art. 339, 12. 

7. Define the first payment of an annuity. Art. 339, 
12, Rem. 

8. The payment, the interval, and the rate being given, 
how do you find the initial value of a perpetuity ? Art. 340. 

9. Give the rule, and show how it applies in the solution 
of example third, under article 340. 

10. The payment, the interval, the rate, and the time the 
perpetuity is deferred being given, how do you find the 
present value? Art. 341. 

11. Solve the fourth example under this case, giving the 
work. Art. 341. 

12. The rate, the payment, the interval, and the time to 
run being given, how do you find the present value of an 
annuity certain ? Art. 342. 

13. The payment, the interval, the rate, and the time to 
run being given, how do you find the final or forborne value 
of an annuity ? Art. 343. 

14. Solve the fourth example under this article. Give 
the rule and the work. Art. 343. 

15. To what cases can the table on p. 314 be applied in 
solving them? Art. 344. 

16. The rate, the time to run, and the present or final 
value of an annuity being given, how do you find the pay- 
ment? Art. 345. 

17. Solve the second example under this article. Give 
the rule and work. Art. 345. 

18. The payment, the rate, and present value of an an- 



54 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

nuity being given, how do you find the time it runs? Art. 
346. 

19. Solve the third example under this article, and give 
the rule and the work. Art. 346. 

20. The payment, time to run, and present value of an 
annuity being given, how do you find the rate of interest? 
Art. 347. 

21. What do contingent annuities comprise? Art. 348. 

22. On what does the value of such annuities depend? 
Art. 348, 2, and 3. 

23. Describe "mortality tables," and define their use. 
Art. 348, 4; 349. 

24. The age being known, how do you find the value of 
a given annuity on the life of a person? Art. 351. 

25. How do you find how large a life annuity can be pur- 
chased, for a given sum, by a person whose age is known? 
Art. 352. 

26. Solve the second example on p. 321, and give the 
rule and the work. Art. 352. 

27. How do you find the present value of the reversion 
of a given annuity; that is, what remains of it after the 
death of its possessor, whose age is known ? Art. 353. 



PERSONAL INSURANCE. 

1. Name and describe the two kinds. Art. 354, 1, 2, 
and 3. 

2. Name the kinds of policies issued by life insurance 
companies. Art. 354, 4. 

3. What are the chief policies in use ? Art. 354, 5. 

4. Describe them. Art. 354, 6, and 7. 

5. What quantities are considered in life insurance? 
Art. 355, 2. 

6. Solve the fifth example on p. 324, and give the work. 
Art. 355. 



ALLIGATION. 55 

PARTNERSHIP. 

1. Define partnership. Art. 356. 

2. Define capital, assets, and liabilities. Art. 356, 2. 

3. What two cases does partnership involve? Art. 
356, 3. 

4. How do you apportion the gain or loss when all of 
each partner's stock is employed through the same time? 
Art. 357. 

5. Give the rule, and apply it in solving the third exam- 
ple on p. 328. Art. 357. 

6. How do you apportion the gain or loss when the full 
shares are not continued through the same period ? Art. 358. 

7. Give the rule, and apply it in solving the sixth exam- 
ple on p. 330. Art. 358. 

8. Define bankruptcv, and name the parties involved in 
it. Art. 359, 1-3. 

9. Solve the third example on p. 332, and give the 
work. Art. 359. 

ALLIGATION. 

1. Define alligation, its kinds, and uses. Art. 360. 

2. What is alligation medial? Art. 361. 

3. Solve the second example on p. 333, and give the 
work. Art. 361. 

4. Define alligation alternate. Art, 362. 

5. How do you proportion the parts, none of the quan- 
tities being limited? Art. 363. 

6. Solve the third example on p. 336, and give the 
work and the rule. Art. 363. 

7. How do you proportion the parts, one or more of 
the quantities, but not the amount of the combination, be- 
ing given? Art. 364. 

8. Solve example seven, on p. 339, and give the work. 
Art. 364. 

9. How do you proportion the parts, the amount of the 



56 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

whole combination being given ? Art. 365. Solve the third 
example on p. 340 ; give the work and the rule. Art. 
365. 

INVOLUTION. 

1. Define the power of a quantity. Art. 366. 

2. Define the root of a power. Art. 366, 2. What is 
an exponent of a power? Art. 366, 3. 

3. Define the second and third powers of a quantity. 
Art. 366, 4, 5. 

4. How do you find any power of a number higher 
than the first? Art. 367. 

5. What shorter methods of getting the higher powers 
of a number may be used? Art. 367, notes. 

6. What is the difference between raising a power to a 
power, and multiplying together different powers of the 
same root? Art. 368, N. 

7. To what is any power of a fraction equal? Art. 369. 

8. How many decimal places must the square, cube, 
etc., of a decimal contain? Art. 370. 

9. What rule results from this? Art. 370, R. 

10. What are the special processes for squaring and 
cubing numbers? Art. 371. 

11. To what is the square described on the sum of two 
lines equal? Art. 372. 

12. To what is the cube of any number composed of two 
parts equal? Art. 372, Prin. 

EVOLUTION. 

1. Define evolution. Art. 373. 

2. What is the root of a number? Art. 373, 2. 

3. What is to be understood by the degree of a root? 
Art. 373, 3. 

4. How are different roots indicated? Art. 373, 4. 



EXTRACTION OF THE CUBE BOOT. 57 

5. In what other way may a root be indicated? Art 
373, 5. 

6. Define perfect and imperfect powers. Art. 373, 6 
and 7. 

7. Define the square and cube roots of numbers. Art 
373, 9 and 10. 

8. What principles belong to evolution? Art. 374. 

9. Explain square root. Art. 374, Exp. 

10. Give the rule for extracting the square root of an 
integer, fraction, or mixed number, if written in the deci- 
mal notation. Art. 375. 

11. Solve the thirteenth example on p. 353. Art. 375. 

12. To what is the square root of the product of any 
number of quantities equal ? Art. 376. 

13. To what is the square root of a fraction equal? Art. 
377. 

14. Solve the sixth example on p. 354, and give the 
work. Art. 377. 



EXTRACTION OP THE CUBE ROOT. 

1. What is the rule for extracting the cube root of a 
number written in the decimal notation as a whole number, 
fraction, or mixed number? Art. 378. To what is the 
cube root of any product equal ? Art. 379. 

2. To what is the cube root of a common fraction 
equal? Art. 380. 

3. Solve the eleventh and fourteenth examples on p. 
359, and give the work. Art. 380. 

4. How may the root of any degree be extracted? 
Art. 381 and 382. 

5. Describe Horner's method, and give the rule. Art. 
383. 

6. How may the process be shortened? Art. 384. 

7. Solve the third example on p. 362, and give the 
work. Art. 384. 



58 ECLECTIC Q UESTION B O OK. 

APPLICATIONS OF SQUARE AND CUBE ROOT. 

1. Define a triangle. Art. 385, 1. 

2. What is the base of a triangle ? Art. 385, 2. 

3. What is the altitude of a triangle? Art. 385, 3. 

4. Show without geometry that the three angles of a 
triangle are equal to two right angles. Art. 385, 3, Rem. 

5. Define an equilateral triangle. Art. 385, 4. 

6. Define a right-angled triangle, giving the names of 
its sides. Art. 386. 

7. How can you practically prove, without the geomet- 
rical demonstration, that the square described upon the hy- 
pothenuse of a right-angled triangle is equal to the sum 
of the squares described on the other two sides? Art. 386. 

8. Two sides of a right-angled triangle being given, how 
do you find the other two ? Art. 387 and R. 

9. The hypothenuse and one side being given, how do 
you find the other? Art. 388 and R. 

10. Solve the second and fourth examples on p. 365, 
and give the work. Art. 388. 

11. By what simple method may integers, expressing the 
sides of right-angled triangles, be found to any extent? 
Art. 388, Rem. 

12. What are parallel lines? Art. 389, 1. 

13. Define similar figures. Art. 389, 2, and remarks. 

14. What is the ratio between the areas of similar fig- 
ures? Art. 389, 3. 

15. Describe the ratio of the solidities of similar solids 
to each other. Art. 389, 4. 

16. Solve the third, fourth, and fifth examples on p. 
367. Art. 389. 

SERIES. 

1. Define a series and its law. Art. 390, 1 and 2. 

2. Define an arithmetical progression. Art. 391, 1. 

3. Under the relations of what five quantities may every 



MENSURATION. 59 

arithmetical progression be considered, such that any three 
of them being given the others may be found? Art. 391, 2. 

4. How many cases arise out of these? How many 
cases will answer every purpose? Art. 391, 3. 

5. One extreme, the common difference, and the number 
of terms being given, find the other extreme. Art. 392. 

6. Solve the second example on p. 370. Give the work 
and the rule. Art. 392. 

7. The extremes and the number of terms being given, 
how do you find the sum of the series? Art. 393. 

8. Solve example fourth on p. 372, and give the work 
and the rule. Art. 393. 

9. What is geometrical progression? Art. 394, 1. 

10. What is the difference between an ascending and a 
descending series? Art. 394, 1. 

11. Under the relations of what quantities may geometri- 
cal progression be considered, and how are they repre- 
sented? Art. 394, 2. 

12. To how many different classes of problems do these 
quantities give rise, and how many of these are necessary 
for the calculations? Art. 394, 3. 

13. One extreme, the common ratio, and the number of 
terms being given, find the other extreme. Art. 395. 

14. Solve the fourth example on p. 374. Give the work 
and the rule. Art. 395. 

15. One extreme, the ratio and the number of terms 
being given, find the sum of the terms. Art. 396. 

16. Solve the fourth example on p. 376, Give the work 
and the rule. Art. 396. 



MENSURATION. 

1. Define geometry and mensuration. Art. 397, 1, 2, 3. 

2. Define a line, a straight line, a broken line, a curved 
line, a horizontal line, and a vertical line. Art. 398, 1-6. 

3. Define an an^le. Art. 399. 



60 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK 

4. Define a surface and a solid. Art 400, 1. 

5. What is a plane? Art. 400, 2. 

6. Describe a plane figure, a polygon and its perimeter, 
an area and its measuring units, a regular polygon, a 
polygon of three, four, five, six sides, etc. Art. 400, 3-7. 

7. Describe the diagonal, the base, and the altitude of 
a polygon. Art. 400, 8, 9, and 10. 

8. Describe the center and apothem of a regular poly- 
gon. Art. 400, 11. 

9. How are triangles classified? Art. 401. 

10. Describe acute triangles and obtuse triangles. Art. 
401, 1. 

11. Describe also a scalene, an isosceles, and an equilateral 
triangle. Art. 401, 2. 

12. What are the three classes of quadrilaterals called, 
and how would you describe them respectively? Art. 402, 
1, 2, 3. 

13. Describe the three classes of parallelograms. Art. 

403, 1, 2, 3. 

14. On what principles do the general rules applicable 
to triangles and quadrilaterals depend ? Art. 404. 

15. How do you find the area of a parallelogram? Art. 

404, i. 

16. How do you find the area of a triangle? Art. 404, n. 

17. How do you find the area of a trapezoid? Art. 404, 
in. 

18. How do you find the area of a triangle when the 
sides are given? Art. 404, iv. 

19. Solve the twelfth example on p. 384, giving the 
work and rule. Art. 404. 

20. Into what may any regular p'olygon be divided, and 
how? Art. 405. 

21. How do you find the area of such polygons? Art. 
406. 

22. Describe a circle, its chord, its arc, its segment, its 
tangent, its secant, its radius, and its sector. Art. 407, 1-6. 



SOLIDS. 61 

23. What are the general rules for finding, 1st, the cir- 
cumference ; 2d, the diameter ; 3d, the area ; 4th, the area 
of a sector; 5th, the area of a segment less than a semi- 
circle of any circle? Art. 409, i, n, in, iv, v. 

SOLIDS. 

1. Define a solid, the faces and edges of a solid, a prism, 
a right prism, a parallelopiped, a cube, a cylinder, a pyr- 
amid, a cone, a frustum, a sphere, the slant height of a 
pyramid, the slant height of a cone, the altitude of any 
solid, and the volume of a solid. Art. 410, 1-14. 

2. When are solids similar? Art. 410, 15. 

3. How do you find the convex surface and the volume 
of a prism or cylinder? Art. 410, R. i and n. 

4. How do you find the convex surface and the volume 
of a pyramid or cone ? Art. 410, R. ni and iv. 

5. How do you find the convex surface and the solidity 
of a frustum of a pyramid or cone? Art. 410, R. v and vi. 

6. How do you find the surface and the volume of a 
sphere? Art. 410, R. vn and vm. 

7. What is the ratio of similar solids to each other, 
and how are the sphere, cone, and prism regarded? Art. 
410, p. 393, notes 1, 2, and 3. 

8. Solve the practical examples on pp. 393-395, Art. 
410. 

9. What is the method of measuring mason's work? 
Art. 411. 

10. How do you find the number of perches in any 
piece of masonry ? Art. 412. 

11. How is brick work estimated? Art. 412, N. 

12. Solve the third, fourth, and fifth examples on p. 396, 
giving the work. Art. 412. 

13. Define gauging, and show how to gauge any vessel 
in the form of a rectangular solid, cylinder, cone, frustum 
of a cone, etc. Arts. 413 and 414. 



62 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

14. Is there any shorter method? Art. 414 and note. 

15. Solve the second, third, and fourth examples under 
article 414, giving the work. 

16. What is the method of finding the contents, in gal- 
lons, of a cask or barrel? Art. 415. 

17. Solve the first, second, and third examples under 
this article (415), giving the work. 

18. How do you find the amount of square-edged inch- 
boards that can be sawed from a round log? Art. 416. 

19. Solve the second and third examples on p. 398, giv- 
ing the work. Art. 416. 

20. How are grain and hay usually estimated and sold? 
Art. 417. 

21. How do you find the quantity of grain in a wagon 
or in a bin? Art. 418. 

22. How do you find the quantity of hay in a stack, 
rick, or mow ? Art. 419. 

23. Solve the examples for practice on p. 399, giving 
the work and the rule applicable in each. Art. 417-19. 



GEOGRAPHY. 

The following references are to the Intermediate Geography No. 2 
of the Eclectic Series, published by Van Antwerp, Bragg & Co., Cincin- 
nati and New York. 

1. Explain geography and specify the subjects of which 
it treats. P. 5; 1. 

2. What are planets, and why so called ? P. 5 ; 2. 

3. What is their number and their comparative size? 
P. 5; 2. 

4. To which class does our earth belong? P. 5; 2. 

5. What is its form? P. 5; 3. 

6. What proof can you give that the earth is round? 
P. 5; 4. 



GEOGRAPHY. 63 

7. Why does the land appear to be level ? P. 5 ; 4. 

8. What do you understand by the horizon ? P. 6 ; 5. 

9. Describe a circle, its center, and circumference. P. 6 ; 5. 

10. When we are at sea or on an extensive plain, what 
bounds our vision ? P. 6 ; 6. 

11. What are the cardinal points of the compass? P. 
6; 8. 

12. How can we distinguish them? P. 6; 8. 

13. Describe a compass. P. 6 ; 9. 

14. What is the diameter of a sphere or globe? P. 6; 
10. 

15. What is the axis of the earth? P. 6; 11. 

16. Describe the north and south poles of the earth. P. 
6; 11. 

17. What do you understand by great and small circles 
when applied to geography? P. 6; 12. 

18. Define the equator. P. 6 ; 13. 

19. What do you understand by parallels and meridians? 
P. 6 ; 14 and 15. 

20. Into how many equal parts is the circumference of 
a circle divided, and what are they called? P. 6; 16. 

21. What is a prime meridian, and for what used? P. 
6; 17. 

22. What is the prime meridian? P. 6; 17. 

23. How is the equator designated, and how are the 
parallels reckoned from it ? P. 6 ; 18. 

24. Define longitude and latitude. P. 6 ; 19. 

25. How are longitude and latitude measured? P. 6; 20. 

26. Give an example illustrating each. P. 6 ; 20. 

27. Are degrees of latitude and loDgitude every-where 
equal? P. 6; 21. 

28. Which of them are equal in all parts of the globe, 
and which of them decrease in length, and why? P. 6; 21. 

29. Into what smaller equal parts are degrees divided, 
and how are they distinguished ? P. 7 ; 22. 

30. What is the length of the earth's axis, and what the 



64 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

earth's diameter, and the extent of its surface in square 
miles? P. 7; 23. 

31. Describe the tropics, giving their names and their 
distances, respectively, from the equator. P. 7 ; 24. 

32. What are the polar circles, their names, and their 
distances from the poles ? P. 7 ; 25. 

33. How far is each from the equator ? P. 7 ; 25. 

34. Into what belts or zones do these four parallels and 
the equator divide the surface of the earth ? P. 7 ; 26. 

35. How are they designated, and why? P. 7; 26, (1), 

(2), (3). 

36. Describe the earth's movements. P. 7 ; 27. 

37. What is the orbit of the earth, and of the other 
planets? P. 7; 27. 

38. In what direction does the earth revolve, and what 
apparent results follow as to the sun ? P. 7 ; 28. 

39. How long is a revolution of the earth on its axis, 
and what important results follow from this ? P. 7 ; 29. 

40. What causes the seasons ? P. 7 ; 30. 

41. What proportion of the surface of the earth is cov- 
ered with water? P. 7; 31. 

42. Into w r hat areas is the land divided? P. 7; 31. 

43. What are continents ? How many are there ? P. 7 ; 
32. 

44. How do continents and islands differ ? P. 7 ; 32. 

45. What is the line where land and w T ater meet called ? 
P. 7; 33. 

46. Describe a gulf, bay, inlet, and a peninsula. P. 8; 
34. 

47. Define a strait or channel, an isthmus, and a cape. 
P. 8; 35. 

48. What are lowlands and highlands, and what are their 
heights, respectively, above the level of the sea ? P. 8 ; 36 
and 37. 

49. Define plateaus, table-lands, mountains, and hills. 
P. 8 ; 38. 



GEOGRAPHY. 65 

50. What is a mountain system ? P. 8 ; 39. 

51. What is the trend of a mountain chain? P. 8; 40. 

52. What are valleys? P. 8; 41. 

53. Describe a volcano. P. 8 ; 42. 

54. What are inland waters, and how classified ? P. 8 ; 
43. 

55. How are brooks and creeks formed ? P. 8 ; 44. 

56. Describe a river, its mouth, source, and tributaries. 
P. 8 ; 45 and 46. 

57. What is a river system, and what is the region 
which it drains called? P. 8; 47. 

58. What is a water-shed, and what is a river's direction 
called ? P. 8 ; 48 and 49. 

59. What are the right and left banks of a river? P. 
9; 49. 

60. What are lakes, and where do they empty? P. 
9; 50. 

61. What is a map, and how does it represent objects? 
P. 9; 51. 

62. How are the sea-coast, rivers, boundaries of states, 
towns, and large cities marked on maps ? P. 9 ; 52. 

63. How are mountains shown on the map ? P. 9 ; 53. 

64. How may the size of a country be found on a map? 
P. 9; 55. 

65. On what parts of a map are North, South, East, and 
West found? P. 9; 56. 

66. How is the whole earth most correctly represented? 
P. 9; 57. 

67. By what means may the whole earth be seen at 
once? P. 9; 58. 

68. What meridian is usually employed to divide the 
earth into an eastern and western hemisphere ? P. 9 ; 59. 

69. What continents are found on each respectively? 
P. 9; 60. 

70. Give the comparative size of the continents. P. 9 ; 
61. 

Q. B.-6. 



66 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

71. What grand divisions are found on each hemisphere? 
P. 9; 62. 

72. To which of the grand divisions are the islands as- 
signed? P. 11; 63. 

73. Into what five oceans is the sea divided, and what 
are their boundaries, respectively? P. 11; 64. 

74. What proportion of land does each hemisphere con- 
tain? P. 11; 65. 

75. Define climate. P. 11 ; m. 

76. Upon what does the amount of heat received from 
the sun on any part of the earth depend? P. 11; 67. 

77. Upon which zones does the sun shine most directly, 
and upon which, most obliquely? P. 11 ; 68. 

78. What is the result of this in respect to climate? P. 
11; 68. 

79. What may we infer from the latitude of any portion 
of the earth's surface as to its climate ? Give the reason 
for this. P. 11 ; 69. 

80. What is always the climate on the tops of high 
mountains? P. 12 ; 70. 

81. What causes the currents of wind? P. 12; 71. 

82. Describe the winds of the equatorial regions. P. 12 
72. 

83. Describe the winds of the temperate and frigid zones 
P. 12; 73. 

84. Describe the causes of rain, clouds, and snow. P 
12; 74-76. 

85. What can you say of the vegetation of the earth ' 
P. 12; 77. 

86. What regulates the distribution of plants? P. 12 
78. 

87. Why are considerable portions of the earth destitute 
of plants? P. 12; 79. 

88. What kind of forests are generally found in the 
temperate zones ? P. 12 ; ,80. 

89. What is the vegetation of the frigid zones? P. 12 ; 81. 






GEOGRAPHY. 67 

90. Upon what does the distribution of animals depend? 
P. 12; 82. 

91. What animals are found in the several zones? P. 
12; 82 and 83. 

92. What domestic animals are used in the different 
zones? P. 13; 84. 

93. What is the estimated population of the earth, and 
how is it distributed? P. 13; 85. 

94. How do the people living in different parts of the 
world differ from each other, and how are they classified ? 
P. 13; 86. 

95. Which of the races is superior to all the others, and 
where is it mostly found? P. 13; 87. 

96. How is the black race distinguished? P. 13; 88. 

97. Describe the yellow race. P. 13 ; 89. 

98. Describe the brown race. P. 13 ; 90. 

99. Describe the red race. P. 13 ; 91. 

100. Into what classes are the nations of the world di- 
vided in respect to their manner of living ? P. 13 ; 92. 

101. Describe the different classes. P. 13; 93, 94. P. 
14; 95. 

102. Describe the food, clothing, and shelter of civilized 
nations, and state how they are obtained. P. 14 ; 96-99. 

103. Describe the agriculture and productions of the dif- 
ferent zones. P. 14; 100 and 101. 

104! What is manufacturing? P. 14; 102. 

105. Define commerce. P. 14; 103. 

106. How are goods and productions transported from 
one place to another? P. 14; 104. 

107. What is a state and its government? P. 14; 105. 

108. What are the two prominent kinds of government ? 
P. 14; 106. 

109. Describe each. P. 14; 106, 107, and 108. 

110. What is the capital of a state? P. 15; 109. 

111. In what countries are monarchies most numerous? 
Where do republics prevail? P. 15; 110. 



68 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

112. Into what two classes are the religions of the na- 
tions divided? P. 15; 111. 

113. What nations hold the first class? P. 15; 112 and 
113. 

114. Describe the pagan religions. P. 15; 114. 

NORTH AMERICA. 

1. Locate North America, and name its most northern, 
southern, eastern, and western capes. P. 17 ; 1. 

2. What oceans wash it on the east, west, and north ? 
P. 17; 2. 

3. Locate and name its principal bays and peninsulas. 
P. 17; 3. 

4. What and where are the principal islands of North 
America? P. 17 ; 4. 

5. Describe the western part of this grand division. P. 
17; 5. 

6. What is the extent of the Cordilleras, and what are 
the names of the principal mountain chains belonging to 
this system ? P. 17 ; 6. 

7. Describe the Apalachian mountain system. P. 17 ; 7. 

8. What is the height, respectively, of these mountain 
systems? P. 18; 8. 

9. What occupies the central part of this grand divis- 
ion? P. 18; 9. 

10. What forms the principal water-shed between the 
Pacific Ocean on the west, and the Atlantic and Arctic 
oceans on the east and north-east? P. 18; 10. 

11. What three great rivers are there on each side of 
these mountains? P. 18; 10. 

12. Describe their outlets. P. 18 ; 11 and 12. 

13. In what zones is North America situated? P. 18; 
13. 

14. Describe the natural productions of each of these 
zones. P. 18; 13. 



THE UNITED STATES. 69 

15. What are the principal wild animals ? P. 18 ; 14. 

16. What races of people inhabit North America? P. 
18; 15. 

17. How many and what are the political divisions of 
North America ? P. 19 ; 16. 

18. What directions would you give for drawing a map 
of North America? P. 19, map drawing. 

THE UNITED STATES. 

1. Between what parallels of latitude are the United 
States situated? P. 22; 1. 

2. What is their northern boundary ? P. 22 ; 2. 

3. Describe the Atlantic on the eastern shore. P. 22 ; 3. 

4. What is the southern boundary ? P. 22 ; 4. 

5. Describe the Pacific on the western shore. P. 22 ; 5. 

6. What is the area of the United States in square 
miles? P. 22; 6. 

7. How does this compare with the areas of other na- 
tions? P. 22; 6. 

8. Describe the three great natural divisions of the sur- 
face of the United States. P. 22 ; 7. 

9. Describe the location and extent of the Apalachian 
mountain system ; also, the Atlantic coast plain. P. 22 ; 8. 

10. Which are the most important mountain chains of 
the United States, and where located ? P. 22 ; 9. 

11. Describe the Mississippi Valley. P. 22 ; 10. 

12. Which is the largest river system of the United 
States? P. 23; 11. 

13. Where does the Mississippi River rise and empty? 
P. 23; 11. 

14. What are its principal tributaries? P. 23; 11. 

15. Describe the Missouri and its tributaries. P. 23 ; 11. 

16. What rivers unite to form the Ohio? P. 23; 11. 

17. What rivers drain the Atlantic coast plain ? P. 23 ; 
12. 



70 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

18. Describe the St. Lawrence river. P. 23 ; 12. 

19. Which are the two largest rivers west of the Rocky 
mountains? P. 23; 13. 

20. Where do they rise and empty? P. 23; 13. 

21. What streams and lakes have no outlet into the sea? 
P. 23; 13. 

22. What is the climate of the United States? P. 23; 

23. What is the character of its winters and summers? 
P. 23; 14. 

24. What part of the United States has abundant moist- 
ure, and what is the effect of this ? P. 23 ; 15. 

25. What part is distinguished by its dry climate? P. 
23, 16. 

26. What is the population of the United States, in point 
of numbers, and of what classes or races does it consist? 
P. 23; 17. 

27. What is the principal branch of industry, and what 
are its products? P. 24; 18. 

28. What are the most important manufactures of the 
United States? P. 24; 19. 

29. What are the principal mining operations, where pur- 
sued, and what are the products? P. 24; 20. 

30. Describe the foreign and domestic commerce of the 
United States. P. 24; 21 and 22. 

31. How do the railroads of the United States compare 
with those of Europe? P. 24; 23. 

32. What is the estimated length of the navigable rivers 
of the United States? P. 24; 24. 

33. What and where is the most important water-way 
of the country? P. 24; 25. 

34. Describe the government of the United States. P. 
24; 26. 

35. What and where is the Capital? P. 24; 27. 

36. Of how many states and territories do the United 
States consist? P. 25; 28. 

37. How are territories governed? P. 25; 28. 



THE NEW ENGLAND STATES. 71 

38. Name the New England, Middle, and South-Eastern 
States. P. 25 ; 29, (1). 

39. In like manner, name the Central States. P. 25 ; 
29, (2). 

40. Name the Western States and Territories. P. 25; 
29, (3). 

41. Describe Alaska. P. 25; 30. 

42. How would you teach your pupils to draw a map of 
the United States? P. 25, map drawing. 



THE NEW ENGLAND STATES. 

1. Describe the New England States, their location, 
and extent. P. 27; 1. 

2. How does Maine compare in size with the others? 
P. 27; 2. 

3. What is the general character of the surface, and 
why? P. 27; 3. 

4. What mountain chain traverses the western part of 
New* England? P. 27; 4. 

5. Describe the surface of the country east of the Con- 
necticut River, and name the principal mountains. P. 27 ; 5. 

6. Give the rise, course, and outlet of the St. John, 
St. Croix, Penobscot, and Salmon Falls Rivers. P. 27 ; 
6, 7, and 8. 

7. Name and describe the largest river of New En- 
gland. P. 27; 9. 

8. Describe the principal lakes and ponds of New En- 
gland. P. 27; 10. 

9. How does New England compare with other sections 
of the United States in respect to climate? P. 27; 11. 

10. Describe the forests of the mountain slopes and of 
the valleys, respectively. P. 27 ; 12. 

11. Whose descendants are the people of New England, 
and for what are they noted? P. 28; 13. 



72 ECLECTIC Q UESTION BOOK. 

12. What kinds of stone are extensively quarried in the 
New England States? P. 28; 14. 

13. What is the character of the soil, and the products 
of agriculture in New England ? P. 28 ; 15. 

14. Describe its manufactures. P. 28 ; 16. 

15. What are its leading exports? P. 28; 17. 

16. Locate Maine ; name and locate its principal bays, 
its capital, and larger towns. P. 28; 18. 

17. Bound New Hampshire, describe the principal occu- 
pations of the inhabitants, and locate the capital and prin- 
cipal towns. P. 28; 19. 

18. Bound Vermont, name and locate its capital, and de- 
scribe its principal industries. P. 28; 20. 

19. For what is Massachusetts most distinguished? P. 
28; 21. 

20. Describe Boston. Name and locate other important 
cities. P. 29; 22. 

21. Describe Rhode Island. Name and locate its capi- 
tals. P. 29; 23. 

22. What are the boundaries of Connecticut? What are 
its capital and principal towns, and which of them is the 
seat of Yale College ? P. 29 ; 24. 

23. How would you teach your pupils to draw a map of 
New England? P. 29, map drawing. 

MIDDLE STATES. 

1. In what direction from New England do the Middle 
States lie? P. 31; 1. 

2. Name and locate the three bays on the Atlantic 
coast. P. 31 ; 1. 

3. How are the Middle States bounded on the north- 
west? P. 31 ; 2. 

4. Describe the surface of this section. P. 31 ; 3. 

5. Describe the Adirondack Mountains and the Catskill 
Mountains. P. 31 ; 4. 



MIDDLE STATES. 73 

6. Describe the Alleghany Mountains, their location, 
trend, etc. P. 31 ; 5. 

7. Describe the Blue Ridge and the Atlantic coast 
plain. P. 31 ; 6. 

8. Locate the Shenandoah Valley. P. 31 ; 6. 

9. Into what do the principal rivers of this section 
empty? P. 31; 7. 

10. Describe the Hudson and Delaware Rivers. P. 31 ; 7. 

11. Describe the Susquehanna, the Potomac, and the 
James rivers. P. 32 ; 7. 

12. What rivers belong to the basin of the St. Lawrence, 
and where do they empty? P. 32; 8. 

13. What rivers belong to the Mississippi system, and 
where do they rise and empty ? P. 32 ; 9. 

14. How does the climate of this section compare with 
that of New England? P. 32; 10. 

15. What is the character of the soil? P. 32; 11. 

16. Of whom are the people of this section descendants? 
P. 32 ; 12. 

17. Where and when was the first settlement made? P. 
32; 12. 

18. What are the leading occupations of the people and 
the products therefrom, respectively? P. 32; 13. 

19. What is their standing in relation to manufactures? 
P. 32; 14. 

20. Describe the city of New York. P. 32; 14 and 17. 

21. Describe the state of New York. P. 32 ; 15. 

22. Describe its soil. P. 32; 16. 

23. For what is it distinguished above all other states? 
P. 32; 16. 

24. Describe Albany. P. 32 ; 17. 

25. What other large cities belong to this section? P. 
32; 17. 

26. Describe New Jersey. P. 32 ; 18. Name and locate 
the capital and principal cities. P. 33; 18. 

27. Locate and bound Pennsylvania. P. 33 ; 19. 

Q. B.-7. 



74 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

28. Describe its capital and principal cities. P. 33 ; 19. 

29. Locate Delaware, and give its capital and bounda- 
ries. P. 33 ; 20. 

30. Do the same for Maryland. P. 33; 21. 

31. Describe the District of Columbia. P. 33; 22. 

32. Describe Virginia. Name and locate its capital. P. 
33; 23. 

33. Describe West Virginia. Name and locate its capi- 
tal and principal towns. P. 33 ; 24. 

34. What directions would you give for drawing a map 
of these states? P. 33, map drawing. 

THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. 

1. Give the latitude and longitude of the District of 
Columbia. P. 34; 1. 

*2. Describe its boundaries and its original size. P. 
34; 2. 

3. Describe its surface, its streams, and valleys. P. 
34; 3. 

4. What is the character of the climate? P. 34; 4. 

5. Describe the soil and the productions. P. 34 ; 5. 

6. What industry yields the largest income ? P. 34 ; 5. 

7. What is the population? P. 34; 6. 

8. What are its educational advantages? P. 34; 7 and 
17. 

9. What is the government of the District? P. 34; 8. 

10. Describe Washington, and give its history. P. 35; 9. 

11. Describe the Capitol, and give its history. P. 35; 10. 

12. Describe the offices, public buildings, and institutions 
of the District. P. 35; 11 and 12. 

13. What monuments have been erected, or are in course 
of erection in the city? P. 35; 13. 

14. What are its charitable institutions? P. 36; 14. 

15. How is the water supply secured ? P. 36 ; 15. 

16. Describe Georgetown and vicinity. P. 36; 19. 



THE SOUTH-EASTERN STATES. 75 

17. What is the government of the United States? P. 
37; 20, 1 and 2. 

18. In what is the legislative power vested? P. 37; 21. 

19. In what is the executive power vested ? P. 37 ; 22. 

20. Describe the judicial department and its functions. 
P. 37; 23. 

21. Describe the legislative, executive, and judicial pow- 
ers of the state governments. P. 37 ; 24-26. 

22. Of what does a city, or municipal government, con- 
sist, and what are its functions ? P. 37 ; 28. 

23. What is a territorial government, and how adminis- 
tered? P. 37; 29. 

24. How do organized and unorganized territorial gov- 
ernments differ, and how many of each are there in the 
United States? P. 37; 30. 

25. What are the subordinate divisions of the states? 
P. 37; 27. 

26. What power has the President over acts of Congress? 
P. 37; 22. 

27. What representatives in Congress can not vote? P. 
37; 29. 

28. Of what does Congress consist? P. 37; 21. 



THE SOUTH-EASTERN STATES. 

1. What part of our country does this section occupy, 
and of what states does it consist? P. 39; 1. 

2. On what do these states border? P. 39; 1. 

3. What are the prominent capes and sounds on the 
Atlantic coast? P. 39; 2. 

4. What are the largest bays of these states, on the 
Gulf of Mexico? P. 39; 3. 

5. Describe the surface of this section. P. 39 ; 4. 

6. Where and what are the Blue Ridge, the Smoky 
Mountains, and the Black Mountains ? P. 39 ; 4 and 5. 



76 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

7. Describe the valley of East Tennessee and the Cum- 
berland Mountains. P. 39 ; 6. 

8. What low plains surround this section on three 
sides? P. 39; 7. 

9. Where do the principal rivers of this section rise and 
empty? P. 39; 8. 

10. Name the rivers that empty into the Atlantic. P. 
39; 9. 

11. Name those that empty into the Gulf of Mexico. 
P. 40 ; 10. 

12. Describe the Cumberland and Tennessee rivers. P. 
40; 11. 

13. Describe the climate and vegetation of this section. 
P. 40; 12 and 13. 

14. Describe the population of the South-Eastern States. 
P. 40; 14. 

15. What is the leading industry of this section, and 
what are its products? P. 40; 15. 

16. Bound North Carolina. P. 40 ; 16. 

17. Describe its mountains, forests, and principal pro- 
ductions. P. 40; 16. 

18. Name and locate its capital, and its principal sea- 
port. P. 40 ; 16. 

19. Bound South Carolina, and describe its general sur- 
face. P. 40; 17. 

20. Name its capital, and its principal sea-port and ex- 
ports. P. 40; 17. 

21. Bound Georgia, and describe its surface. P. 40 ; 18. 

22. Into what part of it does the Blue Ridge extend? 
P. 40; 18. 

23. What are its minerals, and principal productions? 
P. 40; 18. 

24. Locate its capital, and principal cities. P. 40; 18. 

25. In what direction is Alabama from Georgia ? P. 40 ; 19. 

26. What mountains traverse the north-eastern part, and 
what valleys in the south? P. 40; 19. 



NORTH-CENTRAL STATES. 77 

27. Name and locate its capital and principal sea-port. 
P. 40; 19. 

28. Bound Florida, and describe its surface. P. 41 ; 20. 

29. Name and locate its largest lakes, rivers, and towns. 
P. 41; 20. 

30. What and where are its capital and largest city ? 
P. 41; 20. 

31. What and where are the Everglades? P. 41 ; 20. 

32. For what is St. Augustine distinguished ? P. 41 ; 20. 

33. For what is Pensacola remarkable ? P. 41 ; 20. 

34. Give the boundaries of Tennessee. P. 41 ; 21. 

35. Describe the flow of the Tennessee and the Cumber- 
land. P. 41 ; 21. 

36. What are the principal products of Tennessee? P. 
41; 21. 

37. Name and locate its capital and three important 
cities. P. 41; 21. 

38. What directions would you give for drawing a map 
of these states? P. 41, map drawing. 

NORTH- CENTRAL STATES, 
East of the Mississippi. 

1. Bound this section. P. 43; 1 and map. 

2. Locate Keweenaw, Green, and Saginaw bays. P. 
43; 2. 

3. Describe the Cumberland Mountains in relation to 
these states. P. 43 ; 3. 

4. Describe the surface of the land. P. 43 ; 4 and 5. 

5. Of what are the rivers of this section tributaries? 
P. 43; 6. 

6. Which is the largest eastern tributary of the Missis- 
sippi, and of what states is it the northern boundary? P. 
43; 6. 

7. What rivers empty into the Ohio from the South? 
P. 43; 7. 



78 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

8. What is there peculiar about the Cumberland and 
Tennessee rivers ? P. 43 ; 7. 

9. Name the rivers that enter the Ohio from the North. 
P. 43; 8. 

10. What rivers empty into the Mississippi? P. 44; 9. 

11. What rivers empty into Lake Michigan, what into 
Lake Huron, and what into Lake Erie ? P. 44 : 10. 

12. What lakes bound this section on the north? P. 
44; 11. 

13. Bound lakes Michigan, Huron, Erie, and Superior. 
P. 44; 11. 

14. How is this system of lakes connected? P. 44, 11. 

15. Describe the climate of this section. P. 44 ; 12. 

16. Describe, also, its forests, prairies, and soil. P. 44; 
13. 

17. From whom are the people of this section mostly 
descended? P. 44; 14. 

18. Describe the population generally. P. 44 ; 14. 

19. What is their principal occupation? P. 44; 15. 

20. What minerals abound in Michigan, Wisconsin, and 
Illinois? P. 44; 16. 

21. Bound Kentucky, and give its principal products. 
P. 44; 17. 

22. What are the boundaries of Ohio, its capital, its 
productions, and its rivers and principal towns or cities? 
P. 45 ; 18 and 19. 

23. Bound Indiana. P. 45; 20. 

24. Describe its surface and productions. P. 45; 20. 

25. Name its capital and principal towns, locating them. 
P. 45; 20. 

26. What are the boundaries of Illinois? P. 45; 21. 

27. Describe its surface and productions. P. 45; 21. 

28. Name and locate its capital and largest city. P. 
45; 21. 

29. Of what does Michigan consist, and how is it bounded ? 
P. 45; 22. 



NORTH-CENTRAL STATES. 79 

30. Where is the University of Michigan ? P. 45 ; 22. 

31. What and where is the capital of Michigan? P. 
45; 22. 

32. Describe Wisconsin, its extent from east to west, its 
surface, its forests, its capital, and its productions. P. 45; 
23. 

33. How would you draw a map of this section? P. 
45, map drawing. 

NORTH-CENTRAL STATES, 
West of the Mississippi. 

1. What are the boundaries of this section? P. 47; 1. 

2. What States are included in this section? P. 47; 2. 

3. Describe the eastern and western parts of this sec- 
tion. P. 47; 3. 

4. By what elevations are the great plains diversified? 
P. 47; 4. 

5. What mountains cover nearly one half of the State of 
Missouri, south of the Missouri River ? P. 47 ; 5. 

6. Describe the lands in south-western Dakota and west- 
ern Nebraska. P. 47; 6. 

7. In what does the Mississippi rise, in what direction 
does it flow, and what does it drain? P. 47; 7. 

8. Describe the Missouri. P. 47; 8. 

9. Name the western and eastern tributaries of the Mis- 
souri. P. 48; 9. 

10. What are the principal tributaries of the Mississippi? 
P. 48; 10. 

11. Into what does the Red River of the North empty? 
P. 48; 11. 

12. Bound Lake Superior, and locate Crooked Lake, 
Rainy Lake, and the Lake of the Woods. P. 48 ; 12. 

13. Describe the climate and the vegetation of this section. 
P. 48; 13 and 14. 

14. Of what does the population consist? P. 48; 15. 



80 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

15. What are the principal occupations of the people? 
P. 48; 16. 

16. What are the productions? P. 48; 16. 

17. Bound Missouri. P. 48; 17. 

18. Describe its surface, minerals, and chief cities. P. 
48; 17 and 18. 

19. Bound Iowa, and describe its surface. P. 49; 19. 

20. Name its capital and its largest cities. P. 48; 20. 

21. Describe Minnesota. P. 48; 21. 

22. Bound Kansas, name and locate its capital, and de- 
scribe its surface. P. 48; 22. 

23. Do the same for Nebraska. P. 49; 23. 

24. Bound the territory of Dakota, locate its capital, and 
describe its surface and the chief occupations of the people. 
P. 49; 24. 

25. How would you draw a map of this section? P. 49, 
map drawing. 

THE SOUTH-CENTRAL STATES. 

1. What states and territories are embraced in this sec- 
tion? P. 50, map. 

2. By what is it bounded on the south? P. 51; 1. 

3. What bays extend into the land from the Gulf of 
Mexico? P. 51; 2. 

4. Describe the surface of this section. P. 51 ; 3. 

5. Name and locate its principal mountains. P. 51 ; 4. 

6. What is its largest river, and what is its course? 
P. 51; 5. 

7. Name and describe the principal tributaries of the 
Mississippi. P. 51; 6. 

8. What is the general course of the rivers of Texas? 
P. 51; 7. 

9. What are the climate, vegetation, soil, and forests of 
this section? P. 52; 8-10. 

10. By whom has this section been settled? P. 52; 11. 



WESTERN STATES AND TERRITORIES. 81 

11. What is the chief occupation of the people, and 
what do they raise? P. 52; 12 and 13. 

12. Bound Mississippi, and describe its soil. P. 52; 14. 

13. Name its capital and largest city. P. 52; 15. 

14. Give the boundaries of Louisiana, and describe its 
surface. P. 52; 16. 

15. What are its capital and principal cities ? P. 52 ; 
17. 

16. Bound Arkansas, and describe its surface. P. 52; 
18. 

17. What are the boundaries of Texas? P. 53; 19. 

18. How does it compare with other states in respect to 
territory? P. 53; 19. 

19. What are the principal features of its surface? P. 
53; 20, 

20. Describe its rivers. P. 53; 21. 

21. What is the principal occupation of its people, and 
what are the productions? P. 53; 22. 

22. Name and locate its capital and its sea-ports. P. 
53; 23, 

23. Bound the Indian Territory, and describe its surface. 
P. 53; 24. 

24. Describe its inhabitants. P. 53; 25. 

25. How would you draw a map of this section? P. 53, 
map drawing. 

WESTERN STATES AND TERRITORIES. 

1. What is the relative position of this section? P. 
55; 1. 

2. Describe its surface. P. 55; 2. 

3. What are its most noted valleys? P. 55; 3. 

4. Locate the National Park. P. 55; 3. 

5. Describe the mountains of central Colorado. P. 55 ; 4. 

6. Describe the Sierra Nevada, Cascade, and Coast 
Ranges. P. 55; 5 and 6. 



82 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

7. Describe the region between the Rocky Mountains 
on the east, and the Pacific ranges on the west. P. 55 ; 7. 

8. What are the largest rivers of this section? Where 
do they rise and empty? P. 55; 8-12. 

9. How would you describe the climate and vegetation 
of this section? P. 56; 13-15. 

10. Of what does the population consist? P. 56; 16. 

11. What are the principal occupations of the people? 
P. 56; 16 and 17. 

12. Bound California, and describe its surface and its 
capital. P. 56; 18. 

13. Describe Oregon. P. 56; 19. 

14. Describe Nevada and its capital. P. 56; 20. 

15. Bound Washington Territory. P. 56; 21. 

16. Describe its surface, name and locate its capital. 
P. 56; 21. 

17. Do the same for Idaho Territory. P. 56; 22. 

18. What is the location of Montana Territory? Name 
its capital and its chief product. P. 57 ; 23. 

19. Describe Wyoming Territory, its mountains, rivers, 
and capital. P. 57; 24. 

20. In what direction is Colorado from Wyoming ? What 
are its principal productions ? Name its capital. P. 57 ; 25. 

21. Bound the territory of New Mexico. P. 57; 26. 

22. Describe its mountains and its mines. P. 57; 26. 

23. Describe the location and the peculiarities of Utah, 
and name and locate its capital. P. 57; 27. 

24. Bound Arizona, and give its capital. P. 57; 28. 

25. How would you draw a map of this section? P. 57, 
map drawing. 

CANADA. 

1. Describe the Dominion of Canada, and give its bound- 
aries. P. 59; 1 and 2. 

2. What mountains occupy the western portion of Can- 
ada? P. 59; 3. 



CANADA. 83 

3. What are the other physical features of this region? 
P. 59; 4. 

4. Which is the largest river of Canada, and what are 
its most important tributaries from the North and South ? 
P. 59; 5. 

5. Name and locate the other principal rivers, showing 
where they rise and where they empty. P. 59; 6. 

6. Describe the climate and vegetation of this region. 
P. 59; 7. 

7. Into how many and what provinces is Canada di- 
vided? P. 60; 8. 

8. Describe the government of the Dominion. P. 60 ; 9. 

9. How is the province of Ontario bounded? P. 60; 
10. 

10. What is its capital? What are the chief pursuits 
of the people? P. 60; 10. 

11. What is the extent of the province of Quebec? P. 
60; 11. 

12. Give its history, its capital, its chief industries, and 
largest city. P. 60; 11. 

13. Describe New Brunswick, its capital, its surface, and 
its chief industries. P. 60; 12. 

14. Do the same for Nova Scotia. P. 60; 13. 

15. Describe Prince Edward Island. P. 60; 14. 

16. Bound Manitoba. Name its capital and principal 
river. P. 60; 15. 

17. What is the position of British Columbia? P. 60; 
16. 

18. Describe its capital, its forests, and its mines P. 
60; 16. 

19. Name the other divisions of the dominion of Can- 
ada. P. 60; 17. 

20. What is the political condition of Newfoundland? 
P. 60; 18. 

21. Describe its surface, forests, lakes, islands, and peo- 
ple. P. 60; 18. 



84 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

22. What two islands belong to Denmark? P. 60; 19. 

23. Describe Greenland, its people, and principal settle- 
ments. P. 61; 20. 

24. Describe the location and the physical features of 
Iceland. P. 61; 21. 

25. What can you say of its climate and productions? 
P. 61; 22. 

26. Draw a map of Canada. P. 61, map drawing. 



MEXICO, CENTRAL AMERICA, AND THE WEST 
INDIES. 

1. What is the position of Mexico, and what are its 
boundaries? P. 63; 1. 

2. What gulf and peninsulas are in the south-eastern 
part of Mexico ? P. 63 ; 2. 

3. Describe the surface of Mexico. P. 63; 3. 

4. Name and locate its principal mountain chain. P. 
63; 4. 

5. Locate the volcanoes of Mexico, and name its high- 
est mountain. P. 63; 5. 

6. Describe its rivers and lakes. P. 63; 6. 

7. In what zones does Mexico lie, and what is its veg- 
etation? P. 63; 7. 

8. What is the nature of the climate? P. 63; 8. 

9. Describe its inhabitants. P. 63; 9. 

10. What is its form of government, and what is its chief 
source of wealth? P. 63; 10. 

11. Describe the capital, its position, and surroundings. 
P. 64; 11. 

12. Bound Central America. P. 64; 12. 

13. What is the surface of the country like? P. 64; 13. 

14. What are its most noted volcanoes ? P. 64 ; 14. 

15. Name and describe its most important rivers. P. 

64; 15. 

16. What is the character of its climate? P. 64; 16. 



SOUTH AMEBIC A. 85 

17. Of what classes does its population consist, and what 
are the chief occupations? What are the principal prod- 
ucts? P. 64; 17. 

18. What five republics and what British colony are in- 
cluded in Central America? P. 64; 18, (l)-(6). 

19. Of what does the West Indies consist? P. 64; 19. 

20. What four islands are comprised in the Greater An- 
tilles? P. 64; 20. 

21. Describe their climate, their principal industries and 
products. P. 64; 21. 

22. Name and bound the largest of the Greater Antilles. 
P. 64; 22. 

23. What nation rules Cuba? What are the exports of 
the latter? P. 65; 22. 

24. Describe Jamaica. P. 65; 23. 

25. What independent republics does Hayti include? 
P. 65; 23. 

26. Describe Porto Kico. P. 65; 23. 

27. Describe the Lesser Antilles. P. 65; 24. 

28. Describe the Bahama Islands. To whom do they 
belong? P. 65; 25. 

29. How would you draw a map of the West Indies 
and of Mexico ? P. 65, map drawing. 

SOUTH AMERICA. 

1. Where is South America, and what is its area? P. 
67; 1. 

2. What and where are the most northern, southern, 
and western capes? P. 67; 2. 

3. Bound this grand division. P. 67; 3. 

4. Name and locate the principal islands belonging to 
it. P. 67; 4. 

5. What three great highland systems are found in 
South America? P. 67; 5. 

6. Describe the course and extent of the Andes. P. 67 ; 6. 



86 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

7. Of what do the southern, middle, and northern parts 
of the Andes consist ? P. 67 ; 7. 

8. What is true of the highest parts of the Andes? 
P. 67; 8. 

9. Describe the plateau of Guiana and the table-land of 
Brazil. P. 67; 9. 

10. What is said in regard to the surface of the interior 
of Brazil? P. 67; 10. 

11. Where are Llanos, and by what river are they trav- 
ersed? P .68; 10, (1). 

12. Where are the Selvas, or forests, and by what river 
are they traversed? P. 68; 10, (2). 

13. Locate the Pampas, and name the river that flows 
through them. P. 68; 10, (3). 

14. For what large rivers is South America noted ? Where 
do they rise and empty? P. 68; 11. 

15. Describe the Amazon and its principal tributaries. 
P. 68; 12. 

16. What lakes are in South America ? P. 68 ; 13. 

17. What parts of the grand division Ije in the torrid and 
temperate zones, respectively? P. 68; 14. 

18. What is said of the vegetation ? P. 68 ; 15. 

19. What are the principal animals of this division? P. 
68; 16. 

20. What is the population of South America? What 
proportion are of the white race? What proportion are 
Indians, and what negroes? P. 68; 17. 

21. How many political divisions are there in South 
America, and what is the form of government prevailing 
in each? P. 68; 18. 

22. Describe the empire of Brazil. P. 68 ; 19 and 20. 

23. What are the mineral and agricultural products, and 
what are the exports of Brazil? P. 68; 21. 

24. Describe Rio Janeiro. P. 68; 22. 

25. In what part of the division is Guiana, and what are 
its principal productions? P. 68; 23. 



EUROPE. 87 

26. What nations claim portions of Guiana, and how 
are these portions situated? P. 69; 23. 

27. Describe the position of Venezuela, also her capital 
and productions. P. 69; 24. 

28. Bound Colombia, name and locate the capital, and 
give the principal products. P. 69; 25. 

29. Bound Ecuador, describe her productions, and name 
and locate the capital. P. 69; 26. 

30. Describe Peru, its capital, and chief source of wealth. 
P. 69; 27. 

31. Describe Bolivia, its capital, and mines. P. 69; 28. 

32. What are the location, extent, productions, and cap- 
ital of Chili? P. 69; 29. 

33. Give the geographical position, the capital, and the 
principal exports of the Argentine Kepublic. P. 69 ; 30. 

34. Bound Uruguay, give its capital and principal ar- 
ticles of export. P. 69; 31. 

35. Give the geographical position of Paraguay, its cap- 
ital, and the chief occupations of the people. P. 69 ; 32. 

36. Describe Patagonia. P. 69; 33. 

37. What is the best method of drawing a map of South 
America? P. 69, map drawing. 

EUROPE. 

1. What are the boundaries of Europe? P. 71; 1. 

2. What is the character of its outline? P. 71 ; 2. 

3. Describe its seas and oceans. P. 71 ; 3 and 4. 

4. What is the area of Europe in square miles? P. 
71; 5. 

5. What is the character of its surface ? P. 71 ; 6. 

6. What is the extent of the great low plain of Europe, 
and what countries does it embrace ? P. 71 ; 7. 

7. Locate and describe the Alps. P. 71; 8. 

8. What is the largest river of Europe, its course, and 
the sea into which it empties? P. 71; 9. 



88 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

9. Name and locate the largest lakes of Europe. P. 
71; 10. 

10. In what zone does Europe chiefly lie? P. 72; 11. 

11. What is the climate of southern, central, and north- 
ern Europe, respectively? P. 72; 12. 

12. What are the principal wild animals of Europe? P. 
72; 13. 

13. What is the population of Europe? To what race 
does it chiefly belong, and under what four groups may 
the nations of this branch be classified? P. 72; 14, (l)-(4). 

14. What people of Europe belong to the Semitic and 
Mongolian races, respectively? P. 72; 15. 

15. Into what independent states is Europe divided ? P. 
72; 16. 

16. Locate and bound Russia. P. 72; 17. 

17. Name the large rivers, and show where they empty. 
P. 72; 18. 

18. What is the character of the region bordering on the 
Black and Caspian seas? P. 72; 19. 

19. What form of government has Russia, and what is 
the chief occupation of the inhabitants ? P. 73 ; 20. 

20. Name and locate the capital and the other principal 
cities. P. 73; 21. 

21. What two kingdoms occupy the Scandinavian penin- 
sula, and what is the nature of the surface ? P. 73 ; 22. 

22. Where do the principal rivers of this region empty? 
Name the most important ones. P. 73; 23. 

23. Describe the climate, soil, and chief productions. P. 
73; 24. 

24. What is the form of government of these two king- 
doms, and what is there peculiar in its administration? P. 
73; 25. 

25. What are the capitals of Sweden and Norway, and 
where are they situated ? P. 73 ; 25. 

26. How would you draw a map of Europe? P. 73, 
map drawing. 



WESTERN AND CENTRAL EUROPE. 89 

WESTERN AND CENTRAL EUROPE. 

1. What states of Europe does this section embrace? 
P. 75; 1. 

2. How is it bounded? P. 75; 1. 

3. What is the nature of the surface ? P. 75 ; 2. 

4. What is its principal mountain system? P. 75; 2. 

5. What other mountains diversify the surface? P. 
75; 3. 

6. By what mountains are the Italian and Turkish 
peninsulas traversed? P. 75; 4. 

7. Of what does the Spanish peninsula consist? P. 
75; 5. 

8. Describe the Pyrenees, the Cantabrian, and the 
Sierra Nevada mountains. P. 76; 5. 

9. Describe the British Isles. P. 76; 6. 

10. What is comprised in Great Britain, and what are 
the smaller islands? P. 76; 6. 

11. Describe the surface of Great Britain. P. 76; 7. 

12. What is the character of the rivers? P. 76; 8. 

13. Whence are the inhabitants descended ? P. 76 ; 9. 

14. Describe the agriculture and manufactures of the 
British Isles. P. 76; 9. 

15. What is the form of government, and of what does 
the Parliament consist? P. 76; 10. 

16. Locate and describe the capital. P. 76; 10. 

17. Name and locate the principal sea-ports and manu- 
facturing towns. P. 76; 11. 

18. Bound France, and give its comparative size. P. 
76; 12. 

19. Describe its surface, climate, soil, principal rivers, 
and productions. P. 76; 12 and 13. 

20. Describe the capital and principal cities; also, its 
sea-ports and manufacturing towns. P. 76; 14. 

21. Of what does the German Empire consist? P. 76; 
15. 

Q. B.-8. 



90 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

22. What are the principal rivers? P. 76; 15. 

23. What are the most important states ? P. 76 ; 16. 

24. Describe its climate, productions, mines, manufact- 
ures, and commerce. P. 76; 17. 

25. Name and locate the capital and principal cities. 
P. 76; 18. 

26. Describe the Empire of Austria, its position, mount- 
ains, agriculture, and manufacturing. P. 77; 19. 

27. Name and locate its capital, principal sea-port, and 
other important cities. P. 77; 19. 

28. Of what does the Republic of Switzerland consist, 
and what mountains and rivers does it include? What is 
the capital ? What are the chief occupations of the people ? 
P. 77; 20. 

29. What does the Kingdom of Denmark include? What 
is its principal industry? What and where is the capital? 
P. 77; 21. 

30. Describe the Kingdom of Holland. P. 77 ; 22. 

31. What may be said of the population and manfactures 
of Belgium? P. 77; 23. 

32. Describe the Kingdom of Spain, its territory, rivers, 
principal products, and minerals. P. 77; 24. 

33. Name and locate its capital and its chief inland cities. 
P. 77; 25. 

34. Bound Portugal; mention the rivers that traverse it; 
locate its capital and principal sea-port. P. 77; 26. 

35. Describe the Kingdom of Italy, its climate, produc- 
tions, and capital. P. 77; 27. 

36. Name and locate its principal sea-ports and other 
important cities. P. 77; 28. 

37. What is the position of Turkey (in Europe) ? What 
is the surface" of the country? What is the prevailing re- 
ligion, and what and where is the capital? P. 77; 29. 

38. Describe the principalities of Roumania, Servia, and 
Montenegro. Name and locate their capitals. P. 77; 30. 

39. Bound the Kingdom of Greece, P. 77; 31. 



ASIA. 91 



ASIA. 



1. Describe Asia, giving its position, its extent, its area 
in square miles, and its comparative size. P. 79; 1. 

2. How is it bounded ? P. 79 ; 2-4. 

3. Describe its surface. P. 79; 5. 

4. How is the eastern section bounded? P. 79; 6. 

5. What is the extent of the Himalaya Mountains, and 
which is the highest peak? P. 79; 6. 

6. What three mountain chains traverse Asia ? P. 79 ; 7. 

7. What does the western section include, and how is 
it surrounded? P. 80; 8. 

8. Mention the great low plains included in Asia, and 
give the names and courses of the principal rivers. P. 
80; 9. 

9. What rivers empty into the Caspian and Aral seas, 
respectively? P. 80; 10. 

10. What rivers of Asia enter the Arctic Ocean? P. 
80; 11. 

11. What rivers empty into the Pacific Ocean? P. 80; 
11. 

12. Describe the Ganges, the Brahmaputra, the Indus, 
the Euphrates, and Tigris. P. 80; 12. 

13. What parts of Asia lie in the torrid, frigid, and tem- 
perate zones, respectively ? P. 80; 13. 

14. What forms and kinds of vegetation prevail in the 
different parts of Asia? P. 80; 14. 

15. What are the most noted animals, and where are 
they found, respectively? P. 80; 15. 

16. What is the population of Asia, and what races are 
included ? Where are these races found ? P. 81 ; 16. 

17. What European nations possess extensive dominions 
in Asia? P. 81; 17. 

18. What is the form of government of the native states? 
P. 81; 17. 

19. Describe Siberia. P. 81; 18. 



92 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

20. Describe Turkestan, its inhabitants, their religion, 
their productions, and their government. P. 81 ; 19. 

21. Bound Persia. What of its inhabitants? P. 81; 20. 

22. What parts are occupied by Afghanistan and Bel- 
loochistan, and what are the character and occupations of 
the people? P. 82; 21. 

23. Describe Turkey in Asia, and locate Smyrna, Scutari, 
Trebizond, Jerusalem, Damascus, Mecca, and Medina. P. 
82; 22. 

24. Bound Arabia; describe its inhabitants, productions, 
and form of government. P. 82 ; 23. 

25. Bound East Turkestan. P. 82; 24. 

26. What part of Asia is embraced in India ? P. 82 ; 25. 

27. Describe the inhabitants, their religion, and their 
productions. P. 82; 25. 

28. Name and locate the capital, also the principal sea- 
ports. P. 82; 25. 

29. Describe Ceylon, its surface, and productions. P. 
82; 25. 

30. What is Farther India ? Name its principal city. P. 
82; 26. 

31. In what part of Asia does the Chinese Empire lie? 
P. 82; 27. 

32. Into what parts is it divided ? P. 82 ; 27. 

33. Bound China proper. P. 82; 27. 

34. Name and locate its capital, and describe the peo- 
ple. P. 82; 27. 

35. Describe Mantchooria, Thibet, and Corea. P. 82; 27. 

36. What are the principal islands making the Empire 
of Japan, what is the capital, and what is the character 
of the inhabitants? P. 83; 28. 

37. What is comprised in the East Indies? P. 83; 29. 

38. What parts of the East Indies are claimed by Hol- 
land and Spain respectively? P. 83; 29. 

39. How may a map of Asia be conveniently drawn? 
P. 83, map drawing. 



AFRICA. 93 



AFRICA. 



1. Where is Africa, and by what separated from Eu- 
rope? P. 85; 1. 

2. Bound it, and locate its gulf. P. 85 ; 1 and 2. 

3. What islands belong to Africa? P. 85; 3. 

4. How would you describe its general surface? P. 
85; 4. 

5. Name and locate its principal mountains. P. 85; 
5 and 6. 

6. Into what three sections is Africa divided ? P. 85 ; 7. 

7. Describe the Sahara. P. 85; 8. 

8. Describe the Soudan and Southern Africa. P. 
85; 9. 

9. Which is the largest river? Of what two lakes is it 
the outlet, and where does it empty? P. 85; 10. 

10. Describe the Niger. P. 85; 11. 

11. What river is next in size to the Nile, and what 
rivers traverse south-western Africa? P. 86; 12. 

12. Describe the Zambese. P. 86; 13. 

13. What lakes are in Africa? P. 86; 13. 

14. In what zones does Africa lie, and what is its cli- 
mate? P. 86; 14. 

15. Describe the climate and vegetation of the Sahara. 
P. 86; 15. 

16. What are the most noted animals of this continent? 
P. 86; 16. 

17. What is the number of inhabitants, and to what 
races do they belong? P. 86; 17. 

18. Who are the Ethiopians, and what parts do they in- 
habit? P. 86; 18. 

19. Describe the Empire of Morocco. P. 86 ; 19. 

20. Describe Algeria. P. 86; 20. 

21. Tell what you know of Tunis. P, 86; 21. 

22. In what direction from Tunis is Tripoli, and to what 
government does it belong ? P. 86 ; 22. 



94 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

23. What is embraced in the Dominion of the Khedive? 
P. 86; 23. 

24. Locate and describe Abyssinia. P. 86; 24. 

25. Describe the Sahara. P. 86; 25. 

26. What is the Soudan, and by whom is it inhabited? 
What are its productions? P. 87; 26. 

27. How would you describe Cape Colony ? P. 87 ; 27. . 

28. What parts of Africa are claimed by the Portu- 
guese? P. 87; 28. 

29. Locate the island of Madagascar, and describe its 
people and government. P. 87; 29. 

30. To what nations do the principal islands about Africa 
belong? P. 87; 29. 

31.. What directions would you give for drawing a map 
of Africa? P. 87, map drawing. 

AUSTRALIA. 

1. Of what does this grand division consist, and where 
does it lie? P. 89; 1. 

2. What is its extent in square miles, and what are ks 
general outlines? P. 89; 2. 

3. Describe the islands that belong to it. P. 89; 3. 

4. What are included in the Australian and Polynesian 
islands, respectively? P. 89; 4. 

5. Locate and describe the principal chains of mountains 
in Australia. P. 89; 5. 

6. What and where are its principal rivers and lakes? 
P. 89; 6. 

7. Describe its climate, rains, and forests. P. 89; 7. 

8. Describe its principal animals. P. 89; 8. 

9 j Describe its inhabitants, their race, and number. P. 
89; 9. 

10. What are the chief products ? P. 89 ; 9. 

11. What colonies are on the continent? P. 89; 10, 
(D-(6). 



UNITED STATES HISTORY. 95 

12. Describe New Guinea. P. 90; 11. 

13. Locate New Caledonia and describe it. P. 90; 12. 

14. What and where is New Zealand? P. 90; 13. 

15. How would you describe the Feejee islands? P. 90; 
13. 

16. Locate and describe the surface of the Polynesian 
islands. P. 90; 14. 

17. What are the climate, people* and productions? P. 
90; 15. 

18. Which are the Pelew Islands? P. 90; 16. 

19. Describe the Sandwich Islands, their number, surface, 
people, and the degree of civilization. P. 90; 17. 

20. Show how best to draw a map of them. P. 91, 
map drawing. 

Note.— Whenever the candidates may feel the need of further question- 
ing themselves on this subject in order to obtain a more complete prepara- 
tion for the examination room, they will find ample material in the map 
questions scattered throughout No. 2. 



UNITED STATES HISTORY. 

The references found in the questions on this topic point to the Ec- 
lectic History of the United States, by M. E. Thalheimer, recently 
published by Van Antwerp, Bragg & Co., Cincinnati and New York. 

Numerals, unless otherwise explained, refer to articles. 

PART I.— DISCOVERIES AND SETTLEMENTS. 

1. Describe America as it was four hundred years ago. 
Who were the inhabitants, and where were they mostly 
found? 1. 

2. Why are the aborigines called "The Mound Build- 
ers?" What were their employments? Where are their 
works mostly found? Describe some of their most promi- 
nent ones. 2. 



96 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

3. What remains of their manufactures have been 
found? 2. 

4. What is known of the history of the mound build- 
ers? What probably became of them? 4. 

5. Whence came they? What traditions and facts 
throw light on their origin ? 5. 

6. When and by whom was North America discov- 
ered ? 6. 

7. Describe Lief's expedition and discovery. 7. 

8. What is said of White-Man's Land and Great Ire- 
land ? 8. 

9. What famous sea-king reconnoitered the bays and 
harbors of New England? What trade was carried on 
between the Icelanders and the natives? 9. 

10. What was the result of this intercourse? 10. 

11. What are the principal physical features of the 
North American continent? 12 and 13. 

12. What are the productions of the elevations west of 
the Sierra Nevada? 14. 

13. Describe the Great Interior Basin, its rivers, lakes, 
productions, and inhabitants. 15. 

14. What four rivers rise in the mountains north-east of 
the Great Basin, in what direction do they flow, and where 
do they empty? 16. 

15. Describe the Mississippi Valley. 17. 

16. What five great lakes lie north-eastward from the 
central valley, and what are their advantages to the coun- 
try ? 18. 

17. Describe the cataract of Niagara. 18. 

18. How may the lands of the United States be divided 
with reference to the uses of man? 19. 

19. Before cultivation was introduced, what resources did 
these regions furnish for the sustenance of man? 20. 

20. In what respects were the river tribes superior to 
those of the interior? 21. 

21. What labors were required of the Indian women? 21. 



DISCOVERIES AND SETTLEMENTS. 97 

22. Describe the employments, houses, and domestic hab- 
its of the village Indians of the far south-west. 22. 

23. Into what families or tribes were the Indians east and 
west of the Mississippi, respectively, divided? 23. 

24. What tribe excelled all the other northern Indians 
in war, government, and agriculture? 24. 

25. Into what clans were these tribes grouped ? 25. 

26. "What was their form of government, and what were 
their chief officers called ? 25. 

27. What were the religious views, practices, and hopes 
of the aborigines? 26. 

28. Describe their dancing, music, and literature. 27. 

29. Describe their social customs and habits; also, their 
appearance and character. 28 and 29. 

30. By what means were many of them destroyed ? 29. 

31. What distinguished the fifteenth century as a great 
age in Europe? 30. 

32. Who first acted on the belief that the earth was a 
globe instead of an oblong plain? What did he determine 
to do, and what was his success? 31. 

33. Describe the first voyage of Columbus, and his dis- 
coveries. 32-34. 

34. How was he received on his return to Spain? 35. 

35. What mistakes were made by many of the people as 
to the benefits of the discoveries of Columbus ? 35. 

36. What were the results of his three subsequent voya- 
ges ? When did he die ? Who gave the name to the 
New World? 36. 

37. What efforts were made by the English to obtain 
possession of the New World ? 37. 

38. What discoveries were made by the Portuguese, and 
by what navigators? 38. 

39. What further efforts were made by the Spaniards, 
particularly by Diego Columbus, and Ponce de Leon? 
What was the motive of the latter, and what was effected 
by Nunez de Balboa? 39. 

Q. B.--0. 



98 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

40. What was the course and conduct of Vasquez de 
Ayllon ? What conquests were made under Cortez ? 40. 

41. Describe the expedition of Narvaez, and of his coun- 
tryman, Hernando de Soto. 41. 

42. What part of the country was explored by Coronado ? 
Of what was he in search ? What was the result ? 42. 

43. Who first visited the banks of Newfoundland ? Who, 
the harbors of New York and Newport, and who, the Gulf 
of St. Lawrence above the sites of Quebec and Montreal? 43. * 

44. Describe the expedition of Admiral Coligny, and its 
results. 44. 

45. What was done by the French under Captain Lau- 
donniere ? 45. 

46. What was the course pursued by Pedro Menendez? 
What city did he found? What massacre did he commit, 
and how did he excuse himself? Who took revenge, and 
how? 46. 

47. What were the movements of the French in Canada, 
and particularly of Samuel de Champlain? 47. 

48. Describe the efforts made by the Spaniards in the 
south-west, and their results. 48. 

49. Who were the rival claimants for America? 49. 

50. What account can you give of the explorations re- 
spectively, of Frobisher, Davis, and Drake? 50. 

51. What success attended the efforts of Sir Humphrey 
Gilbert and Sir Walter Raleigh? 51. 

52. Who gave the name to Virginia, and why? How 
did the first effort to colonize it succeed? 52. 

53. When was the second colony sent out, and what be- 
came of it? 53. 

54. What were the results of Raleigh's efforts to himself 
and the country? 54. 

55. What two colonial companies were chartered by 
James I., and on what conditions? 55. 

56. Describe the first colony sent out by the London 
Company, and the treatment of .Captain John Smith. 56. 



DISCOVERIES AND SETTLEMENTS. 99 

57. When and by whom was Jamestown first settled? 
57. 

58. What was Smith's policy in managing the people? 
What explorations did he make? 58. 

59. What compelled Smith to leave the colony? What 
was the result? 59. 

60. What brought a new era for Virginia? What be- 
came the chief product of the soil, and the medium of ex- 
change? What was the result of this policy? 60. 

61. Describe the new laws sent out by the company. 61. 

62. When and how were wives and slaves brought into 
the colony? 62. 

63. Describe the Council of Burgesses, its power, and the 
time of its first meeting. 63. 

64. Describe the Indian war that broke out in March, 
1622, and its results. 64. 

65. What changes did the king introduce in 1624? 65. 

66. Describe the condition of Virginia at this time in 
regard to population and education. 66. 

67. What privileges were taken from the people, and 
what was the character of Governor Berkeley's administra- 
tion? 67. 

68. What occasioned Bacon's rebellion? How did it re- 
sult in regard to the Indians and Berkeley himself? 68. 

69. How came Jamestown to be burned ? What became 
of Bacon? How did Berkeley disgrace himself, and who 
became governor in his place ? 69. 

70. Describe the founding of the Colony of Maryland. 70. 

71. Who resisted the jurisdiction of Maryland after Lord 
Baltimore's death? 71. 

72. Describe Clayborne's rebellion. 72. 

73. What classes flocked to Maryland, and why? When 
was the charter revoked, and their lands returned to the 
Calvert family ? 73. 

74. What religious differences prevailed in England about 
this time? 74. 



100 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

75. What course did the Puritans take? 75. 

76. What troubled the Separatists in Holland, and what 
remedy did they apply? 76. 

77. How was the patent secured from the London Com- 
pany rendered useless? 77. 

78. Where did the Pilgrims land ? What compact did they 
adopt before landing? Who was chosen first governor? 78. 

79. What was their first winter's experience ? 79. 

80. What was the challenge sent by the Narragansetts, 
and what was returned? 80. 

81. How did the colonists prosper? 81. 

82. Who was chiefly instrumental in the settlement of 
what is now Maine and New Hampshire? When did the 
people, by vote, annex themselves to Massachusetts Bay ? 82. 

83. What circumstances made the country difficult of 
settlement? When and by whom was the first court duly 
organized on the soil of Maine? Whence came the name 
of Acadia, given to the southern part of this territory? 83. 

84. What circumstances attended the settlement of Salem 
Colony ? Who were the people, and who was their first 
governor ? 84. 

85. When was the first considerable addition made to 
the population ? What privileges did the royal charter con- 
fer, and who was their chosen leader for twenty years? 85. 

86. Describe the towns about Boston at this time in re- 
spect to population, education, and political rights. 86. 

87. Where and how w T as Harvard College established? 
Whence its name and its first endowment ? 87. 

88. What induced the settlement of the Connecticut Val- 
ley, and what trade did the settlers soon commence? 88. 

89. Describe the settlement of New Haven and the other 
towns along the sound. 89. 

90. What religious opinions and practices prevailed among 
the people and officers of Massachusetts Bay? 90 and 91. 

91. For what was Roger Williams exiled from the colony, 
and where did he settle? 92. 



DISCOVERIES AND SETTLEMENTS. 101 

92. What led to the settlement of Rhode Island? 93. 

93. Describe the Pequod war and the part that Roger 
Williams bore in it. 94 and 95. 

94. Who joined in forming the first written constitution 
ever framed in America? When was this done? When 
did Massachusetts follow this example? 96. 

95. What colonies united, in 1643, as the "United Col- 
onies of New England?" How long did the league last? 
Why were Rhode Island and Providence not admitted ? 97. 

96. Describe the charter which Roger Williams obtained 
from Parliament for the plantations on Narragansett Bay. 
How did it operate practically? 98. 

97. How were the Friends, or Quakers, persecuted by 
the government of Boston ? 99. 

98. Describe John Eliot's labors in behalf of the Indians. 
100 and 101. 

99. What occasioned King Philip's War? How did the 
English treat the praying Indians? Who resisted the pop- 
ular fury against them ? 102. 

100. What was the result to the Indians, King Philip 
particularly ? 103. 

101. Who first navigated the Hudson River, and with 
what motive ? 104. 

102. What discoveries were made by Adrian Block five 
years after those of Hudson? 105. 

103. What trade sprang up at New Amsterdam and Al- 
bany? 106. 

104. What inducements were presented to all persons to 
settle in the territory controlled by the Dutch? 107. 

105. What sort of relations existed between the Dutch 
and English? 108. 

106. When and where were the first settlements of Swedes 
and Finns made? 109. 

107. What territory was named New Sweden, and what 
drew to it many people from the frozen shores of the 
Baltic? 110. 



102 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

108. What contributed greatly to make trouble with the 
Indians near New Amsterdam? 111. 

109. What policy was pursued by Governor Stuyvesant? 
112. 

110. How did New Sweden come to an end? 113. 

111. What created discontent in the Dutch colony? 114. 

112. When was the conquest of New Netherlands effected, 
and by whom? 115. 

113. Describe the settlement of New Jersey. Whence its 
name? What made it successful? 116. 

114. Describe the re-conquest of New York by the Dutch, 
and its recession, permanently, after being held only fifteen 
months, to the English. 117. 

115. How did the English Quakers 'obtain a footing on 
the eastern bank of the Delaware ? 118. 

116. How did William Penn obtain possession of Penn- 
sylvania ? What policy did he pursue in governing it? 119. 

117. How did Penn possess the site of Philadelphia? 
How did it progress? 120. 

118. What induced great numbers of people to come 
from Great Britain to Pennsylvania? 121. 

119. What was the history of Delaware about this time? 
122. 

120. How did the settlers show their ingratitude to 
Penn? 123 and 124. 

121. What difficulties did Charles I. find in governing 
his subjects? 125. 

122. What was the result of the civil war in England to 
Charles, to Parliament, and to America? 126. 

123. What was done by Oliver Cromwell? 127. 

124. Who succeeded him, and with what result to the 
English nation? 127. 

125. When was Charles II. called to the throne? What 
were his character and policy as king ? How did he attempt 
to regulate commerce, and what were the effects ? 128. 

126. What conflicting grants did he make? 129. 



GROWTH OF THE COLONIES. 103 

127. What grand system was adopted for the settlement 
and government of the South? 130. 

128. What was the result of this scheme? 131. 

129. Describe North Carolina, its governor, and his pol- 
icy. 132. 

130. Describe the settlement of South Carolina. 133. 

131. What attracted the French colonists? 134. 

132. What, in this colony, were the principal produc- 
tions, and what rendered the importation of negroes in 
greater numbers necessary ? 1 35. 

133. What treatment did the Monmouth rebels receive 
at the hands of James the Second ? 136. 

134. What led to the emigration of the Covenanters of 
Scotland to New Jersey? 137. 

135. What led to the appointment of Governor Andros, 
and what was his public policy? 138. 

136. What became of the charters of Rhode Island and 
Connecticut? 139. 



PART II.— GROWTH OF THE COLONIES. 

1. Who succeeded James II. on the throne of England? 
How did this change affect the people of New England? 
140. 

2. Describe the Salem witchcraft, and give its results. 
141 and 142. What led to the death of Leisler? 143. 

3. What three important principles were settled by the 
English revolution? 144. 

4. What was the Board of Trade and its object ? 145. 

5. What plans of union were proposed at this time for 
the benefit of the colonies? 146. 

6. Describe the Mercantile System. 147. 

7. What practical interest in the slave trade did the 
English exhibit? 148. 

8. What was the condition of education and literature 
at the beginning of the eighteenth century? 149. 



104 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

9. What was General Oglethorpe's position, policy, and 
course in the colonies? 150. 

10. When and how was Georgia organized and settled? 
151. 

11. What was Oglethorpe's policy with respect to slavery 
and rum ? What distinguished minister favored the former ? 
152. 

12. What did Spain claim? When was war declared ? 153. 

13. What was Oglethorpe's course, and what was at- 
tempted by Spain? 153. 

14. In what respect was Georgia a failure, and why? 
What was the final result? 154. 

15. What French settlements had been made in the 
meantime by the missionaries, traders, and soldiers, and 
especially by the Franciscan and Jesuit Fathers? 155. 

16. Describe Father Marquette's expedition. 156. 

17. What course did the fur-traders pursue with the 
Indians? 157. 

18. What was La Salle's scheme? What territory did 
he include under the name Louisiana? What efforts did 
he make to attain his object? 158. 

19. What did the French attempt in Texas? How did 
it result? What became of La Salle? 159. 

20. What did they succeed in doing in Mississippi and 
Alabama? 160. 

21. What was the result of the reign of Louis XIV. on 
the finances of the nation? What was done under his 
successor, Louis XV., to replenish the French treasury? 
161. 

22. What was the result of Law's scheme? 162. 

23. Describe the attempt of the Natchez Indians and its 
result to themselves and others. 163. 

24. Describe the population and exports of New Orleans 
in 1723. 164. 

25. By what forts did the French guard their American 
possessions? 165. 



GROWTH OF THE COLONIES. 105 

26. Describe the wars between the English under Will- 
iam III., and the French under Louis XIV. of France. 
166 and 167. 

27. What happened to Schenectady in 1690 ? What was 
the state of things generally about this time? 168. 

28. What was done by the northern colonies to remedy 
this state of affairs? 169. 

29. What was the result of Queen Anne's war, both in 
Europe and this country? 170. 

30. What was effected by Governor Moore, of South 
Carolina, in retaliation? 171. 

31. What was attempted by the Tuscaroras, and with 
what result? 172. 

32. What happened in Maine, and particularly in Father 
Rasles' settlement? 173. 

33. Describe the new war which now broke out in Flor- 
ida and Georgia; also, the expedition of the English to 
conquer Mexico and the Spanish West Indies. 174. 

34. Describe King George's war, and its results. 175. 

35. What efforts were made to drive the French from 
the Ohio Valley ? Who was sent in command of the ex- 
pedition, and what was the result? 176 and 177. 

36. What was done to unite the colonies for the common 
defense? Why did it fail? 178. 

37. How did the regular British officers regard the Amer- 
ican or colonial troops? 179. 

38. When and how did Braddock's defeat occur? 180. 

39. What three other expeditions were undertaken in the 
summer of 1755? 181 and 182. 

40. What disasters occurred to the English in the next 
two years? How were the Indians punished? 183. 

41. What happened at Fort William Henry? 184. 

42. What proportion of all North America was now 
owned by France, England, and Spain, respectively? 185. 

43. What great disaster befell the English in July, 1758? 
How did it occur? 186 and 187. 



106 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

44. Who conquered Forts Frontenac and Du Quesne? 188. 

45. What other important conquests were made the same 
year by the combined forces of Old and New England? 
189. 

46. What were the principal circumstances attending the 
capture of Quebec? 190-192. 

47. How did the attempt of the French to recapture 
Quebec the next year result ? When was Montreal taken ? 
What disposition did the Treaty of Paris make of Ameri- 
can territory? 193. 

48. Describe the Pontiac Conspiracy and its results. 194. 

49. What was the first book written in America ? What 
other literary works soon followed ? 195-197. 

50. Who were the prominent ministers of New England ? 
What was their influence and learning ? 198. 

51. Who were the historians of this period? 199. 

52. How did Yale College originate? 200. 

53. How and by whom was the college of William and 
Mary founded? 201. 

' 54. What other colleges were founded during the second 
colonial period? 201. 

55. What is said of Jonathan Edwards ? 202. 

56. What place did Benjamin Franklin fill in the public 
affairs of his day? 203-205. 

57. What was the state of science? 206. 

58. Describe John Woolman and his efforts. 207. 

59. What may be regarded as the most valuable part 
of American literature at this time? 208. 

60. Describe the colonial habits in regard to food, cloth- 
ing, and furniture. 209. 

61. Describe the mode of address and the punishments 
then prevalent. 210. 

62. What was the condition of the roads, and what were 
the most common modes of conveyance? 211. 

63. What were the principal articles then manufactured? 
212. 



WAR OF INDEPENDENCE. 107 

64. Describe the commerce of this period and the diffi- 
culties it had to contend with. 213. 

65. What was the character, mental and moral, of the 
men appointed to office by England generally? 214. 



PART III.— WAR OF INDEPENDENCE. 

1. What predictions did the French make in respect to 
the English in America? 215. 

2. How was the plan to tax the colonies received? On 
what principle was it resisted? 215-217. 

3. Why did the French and English differ so much in 
this regard? 218. 

4. What can you say of the character and principles of 
George III.? 219. 

5. Describe the "Stamp Act" and its reception. 220 
and 221. 

6. After its repeal what was done in the way of taxa- 
tion ? 222. 

7. What was done to the soldiers that fired upon the 
people, killing several? 222. 

8. What led to the settlement of Tennessee? 223. 

9. What oppressive laws were imposed upon the people 
by Parliament ? 224. 

10. What was done to prevent smuggling in Rhode Island? 
What became of the Gaspee? 225 and 226. 

11. "Why was the tax on tea so obnoxious? What was 
done in opposition to it? 227 and 228. 

12. What was done by the House of Burgesses in Vir- 
ginia? What other forms of sympathy with Massachusetts 
did the people manifest? 229. 

13. Describe the First Continental Congress. Where did 
it meet, and who composed it? 230. 

14. What measures were adopted by the people express- 
ive of their determinations? 231. 



108 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

15. When and where was the first blood of the Ee volu- 
tion shed? 232. 

16. What was the result? 233. 

17. Describe the condition of things when the Second 
Continental Congress met. 234. 

18. What measures were adopted by this body? 235. 

19. Between what real parties was the contest begun and 
carried on ? 236. 

20. Describe the capture of Ticonderoga and Crown 
Point. 237. 

21. What three British generals soon became well known 
in America? 238. 

22. Describe the battle of Bunker Hill. 239 and 240. 

23. What measures did Washington adopt? Describe 
the forces under him. 241. 

24. What resolutions were passed at Mecklenburg ? 242. 

25. What men were prominent in the settlement of Ken- 
tucky? What were their views of independence? 243. 

26. What allies did England secure to crush the rebellion ? 
At what rate were the mercenaries bought? 244. 

27. What plan was adopted for the invasion of Canada, 
and for what purpose? 245. 

28. Describe the march of Montgomery and Arnold to 
Quebec; also, the assault and its failure. 246 and 247. 

29. Why was Boston evacuated by the British? 248. 

30. Describe the siege of Charleston and the repulse of 
the British. 249. 

31. When and by whom was the separation from Great 
Britain first declared? 250. 

32. How was the Declaration of Independence received by 
the people? 251. 

33. How did the British and American forces compare 
at this time? 252. 

34. Describe the battle of Long Island. 253. 

35. What were Washington's movements in this emer- 
gency ? 254. 



WAR OF INDEPENDENCE. 109 

36. Who was Captain Nathan Hale, and what became of 
him ? 255. 

37. Describe the capture of Fort Washington. 256. 

38. What became of General Lee ? 257. 

39. How did Washington escape from Cornwallis? 258. 

40. Describe the battle of Trenton. 259. 

41. What extraordinary powers were conferred on Wash- 
ington? What were the consequences^ of the battle of 
Princeton? 260. 

42. What distinguished foreigners now appeared and of- 
fered their aid? 261. 

43. What two great movements w T ere planned by the 
British for the campaign of 1777? 262. 

44. Describe the battles of Brandywine and Germantown. 
263. 

45. What led to the battle of Bennington, and what was 
its result? 264. 

46. By whom was the first battle of Saratoga fought, 
and what was its result? 265. 

47. Describe the surrender of Burgoyne. 266. 

48. Describe the state of things in the winter-quarters 
of Washington during the following winter. 267 and 268. 

49. What distinguished Prussian officer came about this 
time to assist the Americans? 269. 

50. How and why did the French now give material aid 
to the Americans? 270. 

51. What change now took place in England with re- 
spect to the war? What prominent men argued against its 
continuance? What propositions were made by the En- 
glish? How were they received? 271. 

52. Describe the battle of Monmouth. 272. 

53. What forces were combined for an attack on New- 
port? Why did it fail? 273. 

54. Describe the massacre of Wyoming. 274. 

55. What parties committed similar outrages in New 
York? 275. 



HO ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

56. How and when were these cruelties revenged? 276. 

57. By whom was Colonel Clark sent out, and for what? 
What did he accomplish ? 277 and 278. 

58. What settlements were captured for the United 
States during 1778? Who held the remainder? 279. 

59. Describe the war in the South during 1779-1781. 
280 and 281. 

60. Who recaptured Stony Point and Paulus Hook? 
282. 

61. What, in the meantime, was accomplished by the 
navy, and especially by Paul Jones? 283. 

62. What was the winter of 1779-80 compared with the 
previous one? 284. 

63. Describe the attack on Savannah and Charleston 
respectively, and their results. 285. 

64. How was the war carried on by Sumter, Marion, 
and Pickens, and the women of the South? 286. 

65. Describe the interview betw r een Marion and the Brit- 
ish officer, and its result. 287. 

66. Describe the operations of Gates and Green respect- 
ively, and the condition of things when the latter took 
command. 288. 

67. Describe the battle of the Cowpens. 289. 

68. How was Cornwallis defeated in his chase of the 
little American army ? 290. 

69. By whom were the Southern States regained? 291. 

70. Describe the character of Benedict Arnold. 292. 

71. What induced Arnold to turn traitor? What was 
his plan? 293. 

72. How and by whom was Andre captured? 294. 

73. What became of Andre and of Arnold? 295. 

74. What about this time was the greatest danger to the 
American cause ? 296. 

75. What caused the revolt among the Pennsylvania 
troops? How did Clinton interfere, and what did he pro- 
pose? What was the result? 297. 



GROWTH OF THE UNITED STATES. HI 

76. On what condition did Maryland propose to join the 
rest of the States in a closer confederation? What made 
the difficulty here ? How was it met and overcome ? 298. 

77. Why was Spain so bitterly opposed to the independ- 
ence of the United States? 299. 

78. What was the first foreign power to salute the flag 
of the United States? What became of St. Eustatius? 
300. 

79. By whose influence was an armed neutrality pro- 
claimed? What was its effect on American affairs? 301. 

80. Where did Cornwallis entrench himself, and by whom 
was his army soon surrounded ? Describe the siege of York- 
town. 302, 303. 

81. Describe the surreuder of Cornwallis. 304. 

82. What was the effect of this victory, both in this 
country and England? 305. 

83. Who was appointed to supersede Clinton in New 
York ? How did Carleton's character and policy differ from 
those of Clinton? 306. 

84. When and where were the preliminaries of peace 
signed? When did Washington disband his army? 307. 

85. Describe the departure of the British soldiers; Wash- 
ington's taking leave of his army, and his resignation to 
Congress. 308. 

PART IV.— GROWTH OF THE UNITED STATES. 

1. What difficulties and dangers attended the coming of 
peace? What did Washington do to meet these troubles? 
309 and 310. 

2. What policy was pursued to pacify the Indians? 
What has interfered with its success? 311 and 312. 

3. What measures were proposed to strengthen the 
Union ? Describe the Constituent Convention. 313-315. 

4. What were the principal differences of opinion which 
showed themselves in the convention? 316, 



112 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

5. Describe the principal features of the Constitution of 
the United States. 317. 

6. What opinions have been expressed by Gladstone 
and Washington in regard to the Constitution? 318. 

7. What were the circumstances attending its adoption 
and the election of the first President and Vice-President? 
319. 

8. Describe Washington's inauguration. 320. 

9. Who composed Washington's first Cabinet? 321. 

10. What resolution was adopted in regard to the re- 
demption of the Continental paper? 322. 

11. What measures were taken to establish the Capital 
and a National Bank? 323. 

12. What were the six main provisions of the law enacted 
for the North-west Territory? 324. 

13. What was done toward the settlement of that vast 
territory, and who was the first governor thereof? 325. 

14. What was attempted, and ultimately accomplished, 
to restrain the Indians? 326. 

15. Describe the Whisky Rebellion. 327. 

16. What was the effect of the French Revolution on 
the American people? 328 and 329. 

17. What matters of dispute still existed between En- 
gland and the United States? 330. 

18. Describe Jay's Treaty and the difficulties connected 
with it? 331. 

19.' What was attempted by Citizen Genet, from France? 
How was it regarded by the people? 332. 

20. Into what two great political parties were the peo- 
ple now divided? 333. 

21. What advantages were now secured by a treaty with 
Spain ? 334. 

22. What treaty was made with Algiers to secure our 
shipping from its piracy ? 335. 

23. What three states were organized and admitted into 
the Union during Washington's two terms? 335. 



GROWTH OF THE UNITED STATES. 113 

24. What measures did Washington recommend at the 
close of his administration ? 336. 

25. What was his plea for union? 337. 

26. What was the cause of Washington's ceremonious 
manners as president? 338. 

27. What were the results of Washington's administra- 
tion ? 339. 

28. AVho w T ere the second President and Vice-president, 
and what parties did each represent? 340. 

29. What were the Alien and Sedition laws, and what 
led to their enactment? 341 and 342. 

30. What difficulties arose between France and the 
United States ? What measures were taken to meet and 
remedy them? 343 and 344. 

31. How were they settled? 345. 

32. How was the death of Washington regarded at home 
and abroad? 346. 

33. When was the Government moved to Washington, 
and what was the condition of that city? 347. 

34. How was cotton made available as one of the great 
products of the country ? 348. 

35. When was Ohio admitted to the Union, and where 
was her first permanent settlement made? 349. 

36. Who were the third President and Vice-president, 
and how were they elected? 350. 

37. What were the main principles of the Democratic 
party at this time? 351. 

38. What can you say of Jefferson's principles, and of 
his style and demeanor ns president? 352 and 353. 

39. What report did his Secretary of the Treasury make 
with respect to his predecessor, Hamilton? 354. 

40. What was the Indian policy adopted ? 355. 

41. What was the greatest event of Jefferson's adminis- 
tration ? 356. 

42. What was the price paid for the Territory of Louisi- 
ana, and whence came the money? 357. 

Q. B.— 10. 



114 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

43. Describe the expedition of Lewis and Clark. 358. 

44. When was the Territory of Orleans organized ? What 
was the remainder of the purchase called? 359. 

45. By what means was Tripoli brought to terms? 360. 

46. What aroused the nation to the evil of dueling? 
361. 

47. Who was chosen Vice-president when Jefferson was 
re-elected? What became of Aaron Burr? 362. 

48. Describe Fulton's efforts in applying steam to the 
propulsion of vessels. 363. 

* 49. How did the war between France and England affect 
commerce and trade? 364. 

50. Describe the Embargo Act and its effect. How long 
did it continue? 365. 

51. Who succeeded Jefferson as president? 366. 

52. What causes led to the war of 1812? 367 and 368. 

53. Describe Hull's march and surrender. 369 and 370. 

54. What was accomplished by the attempted invasion 
of Canada? 371. 

55. What naval victories compensated for the losses on 
land? 372 and 373. 

56. Describe the campaign of 1813. 374 and 375. 

57. What was General Harrison's course? 376. 

58. How was the National honor maintained? 377. 

59. What victories were obtained by Commodore Law- 
rence? How was he killed? 378. 

60. What other naval victories were obtained in this war 
by Porter and Perry on the lakes? 379-382. 

61. What did Harrison accomplish? 383. 

62. What outrages were committed by the southern In- 
dians, and how were they punished? 384. 

63. Describe the burning of Washington. 385. 

64. How was Baltimore treated by the British marauder, 
Admiral Cockburn? 386. 

65. How did New England suffer, and what took place 
at Oswego and Chippewa? 387. 



GROWTH OF THE UNITED STATES. 115 

66. Describe the battle of Lundy's Lane. 388. 

67. What attempts were made by the British ? 389. 

68. What encouraged the British to continue the war, 
and what was their next great movement? 390. 

69. Describe the battle of Plattsburgh. 391. 

70. What was the object and result of the Hartford 
Convention ? 392. 

71. Describe the Treaty of Ghent and the battle of New 
Orleans. 393-395. 

72. How was the news of peace received by the people? 
396. 

73. What were the object and result of Commodore De- 
catur's expedition against the Barbary States ? 397. 

74. What led to the adoption of the American system of 
revenue ? 398. 

75. When was Indiana made a state? 399. 

76. Who was the fifth President, and what was the 
character of his administration? 400. 

77. What was the state of things with regard to slavery 
at this time? 401. 

78. What led to the adoption of the Missouri Compro- 
mise, and who was its chief advocate ? 402. 

79. What were the chief events of 1819? 403. 

80. What was the " Monroe Doctrine?" 404. 

81. Describe the visit of LaFayette in 1824. 405. 

82. When and to what place were the Indians removed? 
406. 

83. Which tribe was the most civilized ? Describe it. 407. 

84. How would the Creeks compare with the Cherokees? 
408. 

85. Who became the sixth President? 409. 

86. What w r as the character of President Adams ? 410. 

87. What public improvements were now coming into 
use? 411. 

88. When and where was steam first used on railroads 
in the United States? 412. 



116 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

89. In connection with what great event did the elder 
Adams and Jefferson die? 413. 

90. Who was chosen to succeed Adams? 414. 

91. What sweeping measure characterized the very com- 
mencement of President Jackson's administration? 415. 

92. What questions excited violent debates in Congress 
about this time? 416. 

93. Why did certain Southern states threaten to secede 
about this time? How was this avoided? 417. 

94. What Indian disturbances occurred under this admin- 
istration ? How were they quelled ? 418. 

95. Describe the Seminole war. 419 and 420. 

96. What did Jackson do in relation to the National 
Bank? 421. 

97. What was the effect of distributing the public money 
among eighty-nine banks? 422. 

98. What was done with the surplus public funds? 423. 

99. What was the effect of the President's specie circu- 
lar ? 424. 

100. What trouble arose with France? How was a 
conflict avoided? 425. 

101. Who was chosen in 1836 as President? What 
States were admitted that year? 426. 

102. What was the state of public affairs when President 
Van Buren began his term of office? 427. 

103. Describe the commercial disasters of that time. 428. 

104. What befell the Bank of the United States, chartered 
by Pennsylvania ? What states failed to pay their debts ? 429. 

105. Describe the Sub-treasury Bill and what became of 
it. 430. 

106. What caused the rebellion of Canada against Great 
Britain in 1837? How was it quelled? 431. 

107. Describe the presidential campaign of 1840. 432 
and 433. 

108. How long did Harrison act as President? When 
did he die? Who then became President? 434. 



GROWTH OF THE UNITED STATES. 117 

109. What was Tyler's course in relation to a National 
Bank ? 435. 

110. What questions were settled by the Webster and 
Ashburton Treaty? 436. 

111. Dorr's Kebellion aimed at what? How was it put 
down? Which party prevailed? 437. 

112. What is said of the Mormons? 438 and 439. 

113. What was the most exciting question of Tyler's ad- 
ministration ? How was it disposed of? 440. 

114. What were the objections to the annexation of 
Texas? Which party favored it? 441. 

115. When and how was the electro-magnetic telegraph 
introduced? Who invented it? 442. 

116. Who was elected the eleventh President? When, 
where, and by whom was Astoria founded ? 443. 

117. What excitement arose in regard to the northern 
boundary of Oregon ? How was it settled ? 444. . 

118. What war grew out of the claims in respect to the 
south-western boundary? 445-447. 

119. Describe the capture of Monterey. 448. 

120. Describe the battle of Buena Vista. 449. 

121. Describe the advance of our forces on Vera Cruz 
and the capital. 450-452. 

122. When did the surrender of Mexico take place? 453. 

123. What other movements were going on against Mex- 
ico? 454-456. 

124. What parts of Mexico were ceded to the United 
States by the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo? 457? 

125. What was the effect of the gold discoveries in Cal- 
ifornia ? 458. 

126. What was its effect on San Francisco and California 
generally ? 459. 

127. What was the "Wilmot Proviso?" 460. 

128. What states were admitted to the Union during 
Polk's administration? 461. 

129. Who was chosen as the twelfth President? What 



118 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

question just then stirred up the old sectional strife ? 
462. 

130. What was Clay's "Omnibus Bill" intended to ac- 
complish ? What was the result ? 463. 

131. How long did President Taylor serve before his 
death ? Who became his successor ? 464. 

132. What was the " Gasden Purchase?" What did it 
cost ? 465. 

133. What three great public men died between the 
years 1850 and 1852 ? 466. 

134. How was the "Fugitive Slave Law" regarded? 467. 

135. What were the "Personal Liberty Laws?" Who 
was elected President in 1852? 468. 

136. When was the Crystal *Palace opened in this coun- 
try ? What was its influence ? 469. 

137. When was the treaty with Japan concluded ? What 
has been its influence? 470. 

138. What movement toward a Pacific Kailroad was made 
about this time? 471. 

139. What was the object of the Ostend Manifesto? 472. 

140. Describe the Kansas-Nebraska Bill. 473. 

141. What was the effect of this measure on Kansas? 
474. 

142. Describe the civil war that followed. 475. 

143. On what basis was the Republican party now or- 
ganized ? Who was elected fifteenth President of the United 
States? 476. 

144. What states were admitted to the Union in the 
early part of this new administration? What was the de- 
cision of the Supreme Court in regard to the Missouri 
Compromise ? 477. 

145. Describe John Brown's expedition. 478. 

146. Who were nominated to the Presidency by the Dem- 
ocratic party? 479. 

147. Who was elected President? 480. 

148. Why did the Southern States adopt secession? 481. 



THE WAR OF THE STATES. H9 

149. For what was the ''Star of the West" sent to 
Charleston harbor? 482. 

150. When and by whom was the government of the 
Confederate States organized? 483. 

151. What preparation had been made by the Confed- 
erate leaders in Washington? 484. 

152. What Southern forts were still held by the United 
States? 485. 

PART V.— THE WAR OF THE STATES. 

1. What made the burden borne by the President pe- 
culiarly heavy at this time? 486. 

2. What declaration did Lincoln make in his inaugural? 
487. 

3. What miscalculations were made, both by the North 
and the South? 488. 

4. Describe the bombardment of fort Sumter. 489. 

5. What was the effect of this attack? 490. 

6. Whence did regiments hasten for the defense of the 
National Capital? What occurred at Baltimore? 491. 

7. Where, at first, were the principal scenes of the war? 
492. 

8. Describe the battle of Bull Run. 493 and 494. 

9. What was the effect of this battle on both sides? 
Who w T as made commander-in-chief of the forces of the 
United States? 495. 

10. What was the condition of the navy when the war 
commenced ? What, soon afterwards ? 496. 

11. What was the effect of the blockade? 497. 

12. What success had Captain Semmes and the Sumter? 
What finally became of that vessel and the Alabama? 
498. 

13. Describe the "Trent" affair. 499 and 500. 

14. What was the state of things before the end of 1861 ? 
501. 



120 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

15. What three objects were aimed at by the Union 
genepals? What Confederate general was trusted to pre- 
vent their accomplishment? 502. 

16. Describe the capture of forts Henry and Donelson. 
503 and 504. 

17. Who was placed in command of the military depart- 
ment of Western Tennessee ? What great battle was now 
fought and with what result ? 505-507. 

18. Describe the warlike movements on the Mississippi 
and in Missouri. 508. 

19. What double movement was now undertaken by the 
Confederates? 509. 

20. Describe the Confederate campaign in Kentucky and 
its effect on the people. 510 and 511. 

21. What national victories were gained at Iuka, Corinth, 
and Murfreesborough ? 512 and 513. 

22. Describe the defenses and capture of New Orleans. 
514 and 515. 

23. What account can you give of the destruction in- 
flicted by the Merrimac, and by what means was she driven 
away? What became of her? 516-519. 

24. What difficulties were met hindering the movement 
toward Richmond by the Union forces? 520-522. 

25. How would you describe the battle of Fair Oaks ? 
523. 

26. By whom, on each side, was the second battle of 
Bull Run fought, and with what result? 524. 

27. Describe Lee's expedition into Maryland. 525. 

28. How did the battle of Antietam result? 526. 

29. Describe the battle of Fredericksburg. 527. 

30. What were the general results of the year to the 
National cause? 528. 

31. What led to the president's Emancipation Proclama- 
tion? When was it issued? What were its terms? When 
did it go into effect, and what were its immediate results? 
529-531. 



THE WAR OF THE STATE. 121 

32. Describe the battle of Chancellorsville. 532. 

33. What caused the New York riots? How long did 
they last, and who were the principal sufferers? 533. 

34. What was the object of Lee's invasion of the North? 
What great battle ensued, and with what result ? 534-536. 

35. Describe the siege and surrender of Vicksburg. 537 
and 538. 

36. What ended the war on the Mississippi ? 539. 

37. Describe Morgan's raid. 540. 

38. Describe Chattanooga and the siege thereof by Gen- 
eral Bragg. 541-543. 

39. Describe the battles of Lookout Mountain and Mis- 
sionary Ridge. 544-546. 

40. Who came to the relief of Knoxville? 547. 

41. Who made a raid on Meridian, and with what re- 
sult? 548. 

42. Who was now made Lieutenant-general? 549. 

43. When, where, and by whom were the battles of the 
Wilderness fought? 550 and 551. 

44. What did Sheridan accomplish? 552. 

45. How and by whom was Washington threatened? 
Who defeated Early at Cedar Creek? 553. 

46. What disaster occurred at Petersburg? 554. 

47. W T hat were the principal details of Sherman's cam- 
paign in Georgia? 555-557. 

48. Describe Sherman's march to the sea and its conse- 
quences. 558 and 559. 

49. How and by w T hom was Mobile Bay captured? 560. 

50. What important resolution was passed by Congress 
in relation to slavery? 561. 

51. What was done by Sherman in South Carolina ? 
562. 

52. What was done by Sherman in North Carolina? 
563. 

53. What was General Lee's last effort to maintain the 

Confederate cause? 564. 
Q. B.— n. 



122 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

54. Describe the capture of Richmond, and the burning 
of the city. 565 and 566. 

55. Describe Lee's retreat and surrender. 567. 

56. What became of President Davis? 568. 

57. Give the substance of President Lincoln's statement 
of the positions of the two parties in the Civil War. 569. 

58. What day was appointed and observed as a day of 
thanksgiving for the close of the war? What befell Presi- 
dent Lincoln? Who was the murderer? What befell Sec- 
retary Seward at the same time? What became of Booth 
and his associates? 570 and 571. 

59. Who became President in consequence of Lincoln's 
death? 572. 

60. From what was the State of Nevada formed, and 
what can you say of its mines? 573. 

61. How did the selfishness of some show itself at the 
close of the war? 574. 

62. What was naturally inferred as to the patriotism of 
the people and the strength of the Government from the 
war and its results? 575. 

63. What was the result of disbanding our armies, and 
sending home such multitudes of men? 576. 

64. What was the state of the National debt at the 
close of the war? 577. 

65. How did the war affect the public credit? 578. 

66. What was the basis of the Confederate paper? 579. 

67. What was the probable loss of life during the war 
on both sides? 580. 

68. What was gained by the war? 581 and 582. 

69. How did it affect the Southern people? 583. 

70. What was the effect of the war on science, and how 
was science used in aid of the war? 584. 

71. What offices did the Sanitary and Christian Com- 
missions fill in behalf of the army? 585 and 586. 

72. What were the foreign results of the war? 587 and 
588. 



THE UNION RESTORED. 123 



PART VI.— THE UNION RESTORED. 

1. What conflict of opinion between the President "and 
Congress concerning the seceded States arose? What was 
the result? 589. 

2. Why was the President impeached? What was the 
result ? 590. 

3. What did the seceded states adopt before they were 
admitted to representation in Congress? 591. 

4. How was the year 1866 particularly signalized? 
592 and 593. 

5. What purchase of territory was made from Russia, 
and at what cost? 594. 

6. What embassy was sent to this country from China? 
What were its object and result? 595. 

7. Who was the eighteenth President of the United 
States? 596. 

8. Describe the completion of the Pacific Railroad. 597. 

9. When was the restoration of the South to all her 
abandoned rights secured, and the Fifteenth Amendment to 
the Constitution proclaimed? 598. 

10. How was the question in regard to unsettled war 
claims determined? 599. 

11. How were the Alabama Claims settled? 600. 

12. How was the boundary between Washington Terri- 
tory and British Columbia fixed? 601. 

13. How were those arising out of the fisheries settled? 
601. 

14. Describe the Chicago fire. 602. 

15. Describe the Boston fire. 603. 

16. What were the main features of Horace Greeley's 
career ? 604. 

17. What was the President's policy for the benefit of 
the Indians? 605. 

18. What were the course and conduct of the Modoc 
Indians? 606. 



124 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

19. What was now the financial state of things? 607. 

20. What caused the money panic of 1873, and what was 
the result? 608 ai)d 609. 

21. Describe the ''King" robbers of New York. 610. 

22. When did the Specie Resumption Act of 1876 go 
into operation? 611. 

23. How was the Centennial year celebrated? 612. 

24. What terrible disaster befell General Custer and his 
regiment? 614. 

25. How was the dispute in reference to the Presidency 
of 1876 finally settled? 615 and 616. 

26. What was President Hayes's policy in regard to the 
troops in the Southern States? 617. 

27. What was his policy in respect to Civil Service Re- 
form? 618. 

28. What led to the organization of the "Grangers?" 
619. 

29. What led to the railway riots of 1877? What, to 
those of San Francisco? 620 and 621. 

30. How did communism show itself in these riots? 
622. 

31. What difficulties are involved in the Chinese ques- 
tion ? 623. 

32. What was done by Congress to obviate these diffi- 
culties? Why did those measures fail? 624. 

33. How did the Chinese government show its confidence 
in our institutions? 625. 

34. How is the war debt being gradually paid? 626. 

35. For what was President Hayes's four years' term 
chiefly remarkable? 627. 

36. Who was the twentieth President of the United 
States? 627. 

- 37. What can you say of his administration, and how 
was it brought to a close? 628. 

38. Who became the twenty-first President of the United 
States ? 628. 



ALGEBRA. 125 

39. What proves the rapid progress of the Republic? 
629 and 630. 

40. What circumstances have especially favored immi- 
gration from Europe? 631 and 632. 

41. What progress has been made in manufactures? 
633 and 634. 

42. What are some of the principal inventions of the 
period in question? 635-638. 

43. What is the practical use of the Signal Service of 
the government? 639. 

44. What indicates the progress of the country in regard 
to education ? 640-642. 

45. Give the names of our principal writers. 643. 

46. What has greatly helped forward the cause of sci- 
ence? 644. 

47. What are the duties and responsibilities resting on 
the American people? 645. 



ALGEBRA. 



The references in the following questions on Algebra all point to Ray's 
New Elementary Algebra. 

1. What are the object and advantages of studying al- 
gebra? See preface, pp. in. and iv. 

2. How are quantities represented in algebra? Art. 1. 

3. How would you define quantity t Art 1-6. 

4. Define number, both abstract and concrete. Art. 9 
and 10. 

5. What two kinds of questions are considered in alge- 
bra? Art. 12-14. 

6. What are known and unknown quantities, and how 
are they represented, respectively? Art. 16 and 17. 

7. Give the principal signs used in algebra, and illus- 
trate by examples their use and import. Art. 18-29. 



126 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

8. What are numeral and literal co-efficients ? Art. 30- 
32. 

9. Explain the powers of quantities. Art. 33 and 34. 

10. What is the root of a quantity, and by what sign is 
it indicated? Art. 35-38. 

11. Explain exponents. Art. 33. 

12. What is an algebraic expression ? Art. 39. 

13. Define a monomial, a polynomial, a binomial, a tri- 
nomial, and a residual quantity. Art. 40-43. 

14. What is the numerical value of an algebraic expres- 
sion? Art. 44 and 45. 

15. Define the terms dimension, degree, and homogeneous as 
used in Algebra. Art. 46 and 47. 

16. How are similar or like quantities distinguished from 
unlike quantities? Art. 50. 

17. What is the reciprocal of a quantity? Art. 51. 

2ax 2 

18. Find the numerical value of -, ^ — Qxi/a on the 

\ a x ) 

supposition that a=4 and x=2. Art. 52, Ex. 11. 

19. Express the following in algebraic symbols: Five a 
squared into a plus b into c minus d, minus three times x 
fourth power. Art. 52, Ex. 9, P. 16. 

20. Define addition in algebra. Art. 53. 

21. What is the rule for addition where the quantities 
have like signs? Art. 53. 

22. When the quantities to be added are alike, but have 
unlike signs, what is the rule ? Art. 54. 

23. Add — 7ax, Sax, 6ax, and — ax. Art. 54, Ex. 7. 

24. Reduce 3a6+5c— 7a6+8c-f Sab— 14c— 2a6+c to their 
simplest form. Art. 54, Ex. 12. 

25. What is the rule when the quantities to be added 
are unlike, or partly like and partly unlike? Art. 55. 

26. Add together 2c(a 2 — b 2 ), —Sc(a 2 —b 2 ), 6c(a 2 — b 2 ), and 
— 4c(a 2 — ¥). Art. 55, Ex. 5, P. 22. 

27. Define subtraction in algebra, and give the names of 
the quantities used in the operation. Art. 56. 



ALGEBRA. 127 

28. What is the rule for finding the difference between 
two positive, similar quantities ? Art. 56. 

29. What is the rule when the two quantities are not 
similar f Art. 57. 

30. From x-\-y-fz take x—y—z. Art. 58, Ex. 19. 

31. Give the general rule applicable in all cases. Art. 
58, R. 1 and 2. 

32. From x? — llxyz -} 3a take — §xyz-\-l — 2a— hxyz. Art. 
58, Ex. 37, P. 26. 

33. What makes a material difference between the oper- 
ations of addition and subtraction in algebra and in arith- 
metic ? Art. 60 and 61. 

34. Can you explain that difference? Art. 61-64. 

35. Define multiplication in algebra, and give the names 
of the quantities used in the operation. Art. 65. 

36. What is the rule for multiplying a literal quantity 
by a number? Art. 6%. 

37. How would you demonstrate that the product of two 
factors is the same whichever is made multiplier? Art. 67. 

38. What rule applies to co-efficients? Art. 68. 

39. What rule regulates the multiplication of exponents? 
Art. 69. 

40. Multiply Ixfz by 8x*yz. Art. 69, Ex. 13, P. 33? 

41. How do you multiply a polynomial by a monomial? 
Art. 70, R. 

42. Multiply a6-f ax+xy by abxy. Art. 70, Ex. 8. 

43. Give the rule for multiplying one polynomial by an- 
other. Art. 71, R. 

44. Multiply a 2 -fa&+6 2 by a+6. Art. 71, Ex. 13. 

45. How do the signs plus and minus affect the product? 
Art. 72. 

46. Give the general rule applicable. Art. 72, General 
Rule for the signs, 1, 2, 3. 

47. Multiply 3a 2 -f dax— 2x 2 by 2a— x. P. 38, Ex. 22. 

48. Multiply together (nJ+n+r) (n 2 +?i+l) (w— 1) (n— 
1). P. 38, Ex. 30. 



128 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

49. What is division in algebra? Art. 73. 

50. In how many ways may division be indicated ? Art. 74. 

51. Divide 12a 3 6 3 c by 4ab 2 . Art. 74, Ex. 9. 

52. How are the signs regulated in division ? Art. 75. 

53. How is one monomial divided by another? Art. 75, 
R. 

54. Divide — 28ac 2 afyV ty 14a#y. Art. 75, Ex. 17. 

55. When is it impossible to divide one monomial by 
another? Art. 76. 

56. What is done in such cases? Art. 76. 

57. How do you divide a polynomial by a monomial? 
Art. 78. 

58. Divide 12a 2 6c— 9acx 2 +6ab 2 c by — Sac. Art. 78, Ex. 7. 

59. Give the rule for dividing one polynomial by an- 
other. Art. 79. 

60. Divide or 5 — tf-\- Sxif— Sxhj by x—y. Art. 79, Ex. 17. 

61. (3a 4 — 8a 2 6 2 4-3aV-f 56 4 — 36V)^-(a 2 — b 2 )= what? Art. 
79, Ex. 23. 

62. From what are the algebraic theorems derived? Give 
Theorem I, and illustrate it by three examples. Art. 80. 

63. Give Theorems n, in, iv, v, vi, vn, and vin, and 
illustrate each by two examples. Art. 81-86. 

64. Define a divisor, a prime number, and a composite 
number. Art. 87 and 88. 

65. Resolve 4290 into its prime factors, and give the rule. 
Art. 88, Ex. 3. 

66. Resolve SF>abc 2 x into its prime factors, and give the 
rule. Art. 92. 

67. Separate the polynomial Qax 2 y-{- %xy 2 — Ylcx 2 y into 
factors, and give the rule. Art. 93, Ex. 5. 

68. Resolve (x* — 6 4 ) into its simplest factors. Art. 94, 
Ex. 8. 

69. Separate the trinomial x 2 — 13#-f-40 into two binomial 
factors. Art. 95, Ex. 6. 

70. Multiply x 2 — &H-6 by x 2 —7x+\% and divide the 
quotient by x 2 — 6&-J-9 by factoring. Art. 96, Ex. 4. 



ALGEBRA. 129 

71. What is the difference between a common divisor 
and the greatest common divisor of two or more quantities? 
Art. 97 and 98. 

72. Find the greatest common divisor of 8ax 2 y 4 z 5 , 12x 5 z 6 
and 24aW. Art. 100, Ex. 5. 

73. Give the three propositions intimately related to the 
method of finding the G. C. D. of two polynomials. Art. 
101. 

74. Find the G. C. D. of x 2 + 2x— 3, and z 2 +5z+6, and 
give the rule. Art. 106, Ex. 8. 

75. Define a multiple of a quantity; also, a common 
multiple and the least common multiple of two or more 
quantities. Art, 107-109. 

76. Give the rule for finding the L. C. M. of two or 
more quantities. Art. 111. 

77. Find the L. C. M. of 12aV, 6a 3 , and Sx 4 y\ Art. 
112, Ex. 2. 

78. Define an algebraic fraction, an entire algebraic 
quantity, a mixed quantity, an improper algebraic fraction, 
a simple fraction, a compound fraction, and a complex 
fraction. Art. 113-119. 

79. Give the six propositions bearing on the value of 
fractions. Art. 122-127. 

n n btfb+bah 1 

80. Reduce ^ ^ . r, , to its lowest terms. Art. 128, Ex. 7. 

81. Divide 3m 2 4-3/* 2 by 15m 2 +15>i 2 , reducing the quotient 
to its lowest terms. Art. 129, Ex. 3. 

82. How do you reduce a fraction to an entire or mixed 
quantity? Art. 130. ■ 

83. What are the method and rule for reducing mixed 
quantities to the form of a fraction? Art. 131. 

84. How do the signs plus and minus affect the value of 
fractions? Art. 132. 

1—3 

85. Reduce z — l-j-yq^ - to an improper fraction. Art. 
132, Ex. 8. 



130 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

86. What is the rule for reducing fractions of different 
denominators to equivalent fractions having a common de- 
nominator? Art. 133. 

2a; 3x , „ . . • . 

87. Keduce-q-' v-> and a to fractions having a com- 
mon denominator. Art. 133, Ex. 6. 

88. Give the method of reducing fractions to the least 
common denominator. Art. 134. 

_ x-\-y x — y i x' 2 4-y 2 . , 

89. Reduce — — > —r^ and -r^fi to equivalent frac- 

as— y x-\-y x'—y 2 ^ 

tions having the least common denominator. Art. 134, 
Ex. 4. 

90. What is the method of reducing an entire quantity 
to the form of a fraction having a given denominator? 
Art. 135. 

91. Give the method of converting a fraction to an equiv- 
alent one having a given denominator. Art. 136. 

92. Give the rule for adding and subtracting fractions. 
Art. 137 and 138. 

93. Add 2x, Sx+^, and x+% together. P. 80, Ex. 13. 

94. From — h take — 77- P. 80, Ex. 9. 

95. Multiply a 3 — b 2 by -^. Art. 139, Ex. 4. 

96. Multiply %£±$. by J*; Art. 140, Ex. 3. 

£ CL— (— x 

x — y 
97 - Divide X 2_^ y , by x+y. Art. 141, Ex. 10. 

98. Divide ^j by ^. Art. 142, Ex. 11. 

99. === what simple fraction? Art. 143, Ex. 3. 

100. How are infinite series produced? Art. 144. 



ALGEBRA. 131 

101. What is the infinite series resulting from j— r— by 
division? Art. 144, Ex. 2. 

102. Describe an equation, a simple equation, a quad- 
ratic equation, an identical equation, a numerical equation, 
and a literal equation. Art. 145-149. 

103. What are the terms and root of an equation ? Art. 
150 and 151. 

104. On what important principle are the rules for find- 
ing the value of the unknown quantity founded, and in 
what six axioms is that principle usually expressed? Art. 
152. 

105. What two operations are in constant use in the so- 
lution of equations, and how would you explain them? 
Art. 153 and 154. 

106. Clear the following equation of fractions: x — — — = 

It 

5— -J— Art. 154, Ex. 5. 

107. In how many ways may the unknown quantity be 
connected with known quantities? Art. 155. 

x-\-7 2x-\-5 

108. Solve the following equations : — o~ 5J= — = \- 

W ~~ dX ; and — + ~ 4- — =d. Art. 155, Ex. 18 and 27. 
• 8 a b ■ c 

109. On what two parts does the successful solution of 
a problem mainly depend? Art. 156. 

110. Four towns are situated in the order of the letters 
A, B, C, D. From A to D is 120 miles; from A to B 
is to the distance from B to C as 3 to 5; and one-third 
of the distance from A to B, added to the distance from B 
to C, is three times the distance from C to D ; how far are 
the towns apart? Art. 156, Ex. 31. 

111. Bought a chaise, horse, and harness for $245; the 
horse cost three times as much as the harness, and the 
chaise $19 less than two and two-third times as much as 



132 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

both horse and harness; what was the cost of each? Art. 
156, Ex. 51. 

112. For every ten sheep I keep, I plow an acre of land, 
and allow one acre of pasture for every four sheep, how 
many sheep can I keep on 161 acres? Art. 156, Ex. 64. 

113. How do you solve an equation involving two or 
more unknown quantities? Art. 157. 

114. Define elimination, and describe its three methods. 
Art. 157. 

2x Sy 

115. Solve the following by substitution: y -{— ^-=26 ; 

2x 3?/ 

y— |=0. Art. 158, Ex. 6. 

X V 

116. Solve the following by comparison: *k"~H>"~^> 

x 11 

-q— y=3. Art. 159, Ex. 5. Also, by addition and sub- 
traction : f-+f-= 8 ; |-+| =9 - Art - 160 > Ex - 5 - 

117. A son said to his father, "How old are we?" 
The father replied : ' ' Six years ago my age was 3 J times 
yours, but three years hence my age will be only 2\ times 
yours." Required their ages. Art. 161, Ex. 24. 

118. The weights of two loaded wagons were in the ratio 
of 4 to 5; parts of their loads, which were in the ratio of 
6 to 7, being taken out, their weights were in the ratio of 
2 to 3, and the sum of their weights was then 10 tons; 
what were their weights at first? Art. 161, Ex. 33. 

119. How are equations involving three or more unknown 
quantities solved? Art. 162. 

120. A number expressed by three figures, when divided 
by the sum of the figures, plus 9, gives a quotient of 19; 
the middle figure equals half the sum of the first and third ; 
and if 198 be added to the number, we obtain a number 
with the same figures in an inverted order, what is the 
number? Art, 163, Ex. 13. 



ALGEBRA. 133 

121. A, B, and C killed 96 birds, which they wish to 
share equally; to do this, A, who has the most, gives to 
B and C as many as they already had; next, B gives to 
A and C as many as they had after the first division; 
lastly, C gives to A and B as many as they both had 
after the second division, and each had then the same 
number; how many had each at first? Art. 163, Ex. 15. 

122. What is a formula, and how are formulas obtained? 
Art. 164. 

123. Give an example illustrating the different formulas 
obtained by generalization. Art. 165-170. 

124. Show, by solving example 5, article 171, how the 
second or some higher power of the unknown quantity may 
be made to disappear. 

125. What are negative solutions of problems and what 
do they indicate? Art. 172. 

126. What do you understand by the discussion of a 
problem? Art. 173. 

127. Define an independent equation. Art. 174. 

128. Define an indeterminate equation. Art. 175. 

129. What follows when there are more equations than 
unknown quantities? Art. 176. 

130. What do you understand by powers, roots, and ex- 
ponents? Art. 178. 

131. How is a monomial raised to any given power? 
Art. 179. 

132. What law regulates the signs of the powers? Art. 
180. 

133. What is the 5th power of — 3a'%V ? Art - 180 > 
Ex. 15. 

134. Give the method of raising a polynomial to any 
power, and illustrate by giving the cube of 2x — 1. Art. 
181, Ex. 7. 

135. How do you raise a fraction to any given power? 
Art. 182. 

136. What is the Binomial Theorem ? Art. 183. 



134 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

137. What four distinct laws are to be considered in its 
use, and what facts do they develop? Art. 184. 

138. What is the 6th power of x— z? Art. 184, Ex. 4. 

139. How may this theorem be applied when one or both 
terms consist of two or more factors? Art. 185. 

140. How may it be used to raise a trinomial or a 
quadrinomial to any power? Art. 186. 

141. Define evolution. Art. 187. 

142. What law regulates the number of places in the 
square root of quantities? Art. 188. 

143. Give the rule for the extraction of the square root 
of whole numbers. Art. 189. 

I44. f Also for the square root of fractions. Art. 191. 

145. What are perfect and imperfect squares ? Art. 192. 

146. What is the method of finding approximate square 
roots? Art. 193. 

147. Find the square root of 27 to within ^. Art. 193, 
Ex. 3. 

148. Find the square root of 10 to six places of decimals. 
Art. 193, Ex. 7. 

149. Find the square root of -fa to within -£%. Art. 
194, Ex. 3. 

150. Find the square root of 10.76 to six places of dec- 
imals. Art. 194, Ex. 6. 

151. Find the square root of 5f. Art. 194, Ex. 11. 

152. How do you extract the square root of a monomial? 
Art. 195. 

153. Describe imaginary quantities, and show what they 
indicate. Art. 195. 

154. Find the square root of 49aW. Art. 195, Ex. 4. 

155. What is the method of finding the square root of 
polynomials ? Art. 196. 

156. Find the square root of 9^—12/+34y 2 — 20^+25. 
Art. 196, Ex. 7. 

157. What useful suggestions are there under Art. 197? 

158. What are radicals of the second degree? Art. 19#. 



ALGEBRA. 



135 



159. In what does the reduction of radicals consist? 
Art. 199. 

160. Give the rule for the same. Art.* 199. 

161. Reduce 7 V '283* and y4MW to their simplest 
forms. Art. 199, Ex. 5 and 8. 

162. How are fractional radicals reduced to their simplest 
forms? Reduce in this manner Vjf and lOi/X Art 
199, Ex. 15 and 17. l °°' 

163. What is the method of adding radicals of the sec- 
ond degree? Art. 200. 

164. Add ,/28aW and 1 /112a 2 6 2 . Art. 200, Ex. 7. 

165. What is the difference between 5ai/2Tand 3a T /48? 
Art 201, Ex. 7. V ' 

166. Multiply y'aWc by yafo. Art. 202, Ex. 8. 

167. Find the product of |/i+5 by j/^T Art. 202, 
Ex. 12. 

168. What is the rule for the division of radicals of the 
second degree? Art. 203. 

169. Divide ab^aWhy bj/dT Art. 203, Ex. 6. 

170. Divide § v 18 by fy% Art. 203, Ex. 9. 

171. What is your method of reducing a fraction whose 
denominator contains a radical to an equivalent fraction 
having a rational denominator? Art. 204. 

172. Find the value of x in the equation y / x^7=Q— 
V'x—b. Art. 205, Ex. 7. 

173. Find x in y'x -\-y / a J =a —l. Art. 205, Ex. 19. 

174. Define a quadratic equation. Art. 206. 

175. How would you classify such equations? Art. 207. 

176. What is an affected quadratic equation, and what 
a pure? Art. 207. 

177. What is the rule for solving a pure quadratic equa- 
tion? Art. 209. 

178. Find the value of x in ax 2 — b=(a— b)x 2 4-e. Art 
210, Ex. 6. 



136 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

179. Find two numbers in the ratio of \ to §, the sum of 
whose squares is 225. Art. 211, Ex. 11. 

180. Give the rule for solving affected quadratic equa- 
tions. Art. 212. 

181. Find the value of x in the folio wiDg equation: 

X ±-J r ^-=—- ; also, in 2ta 2 -f-(a— 2b)x=a. Art. 212, 

X X-j-o 4 

Ex. 32 and 37. 

182. State the Hindoo method of solving quadratics. Art. 
213. 

183. By this method find the value of the unknown 

3x 
quantity in Jx 2 + -g 5=9£. Art. 213, Ex. 6. 

184. A young lady being asked her age, answered: "If 
you add the square root of my age to § of my age, the 
sum will be 10." What was her age? Art. 214, Ex. 19. 

185. What are the properties of the roots of an affected 
quadratic equation ? Art. 215-218. 

186. What is the method of solving quadratic equations 
containing two unknown quantities? Art. 219. 

187. Find two numbers the sum of whose squares exceeds 
twice their product by 4, and the difference of whose squares 
exceeds half their product by 4. P. 214, Ex. 11. 

188. Define arithmetical progression. Art. 221. How do 
you find any term of an* arithmetical series? Art. 222. 

189. If a = 2J and d = i, what will be the 100th term? 
Art. 222, Ex. 5. 

190. How do you find the sum of an arithmetical series? 
Art. 223 and rules. 

191. Find the sum of such a series whose first term is 3, 
common difference 2, and number of terms 21. Art. 223, 
Ex. 4. 

192. The first and last terms of an arithmetical series 
being 2 and 29, and the common difference 3, find the 
number of terms and the sum of the series. Art. 225, 
Ex. 5. 



ALGEBRA. 137 

193. The first term of a decreasing arithmetical series 
being 10, the number of terms 10, and the sum of the se- 
ries 85, find the last term and the common difference. 
Art. 225, Ex. 7. 

194. A sets out 3 hours and 20 minutes before B, and 
travels at the rate of 6 miles an hour; in how many hours 
will B overtake A if he travels 5 miles the first hour, 6 
the second, 7 the third, and so on? Art. 225, Ex. 12. 

195. Define geometrical progression. Art. 226. 

196. How do you find the last and any term of a geo- 
metrical series? Art. 227. 

197. A man bought 9 horses, agreeing to pay for the whole 
what the last would cost, at $2 for the first, $6 for the second, 
etc.; what was the average price of each? Art 227, Ex. 7. 

198. Give the rule for finding the sum of a geometrical 
series. Art. 228. 

199. Find the sum of 7 terms of the progression 1, 2, 
4, etc. Art. 228, Ex. 2. 

200. How do you find the sum of an infinite decreasing 
series? Art. 229. 

201. The first and last terms of a geometrical series are 
2 and 162, and the number of terms 5, what is the ratio? 
Art. 230, Ex. 4. 

202. What is ratio? Art. 231 and 232. 

203. To what are the terms antecedent and consequent 
applied? Art. 233. 

204. In what ways is ratio expressed? Art. 234. 

205. In what kinds of numbers may ratios be expressed? 
Art. 235. 

206. What follows from the fact that the ratio of two 
numbers is often expressed in the form of a fraction? Art. 
236. 

207. When the two numbers compared are equal, what 
is the ratio called? What, when the second is greater or 
less than the first? Art. 237. 

208. What is a compound ratio? Art. 238. 

Q. B.-12. 



138 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

209. Define proportion, and show in what ways it is 
written and read. Art. 240. 

210. What are the terms of a proportion, and how are 
they distinguished? Art. 241. 

211. Which of the quantities are antecedents and which 
consequents? Art. 242. 

212. Give and illustrate Proposition I. Art. 244. 

213. Give and demonstrate Proposition II. Art. 245. 

214. What is Proposition III ? Art. 246. 

215. Describe and apply Proposition IV. Art. 247. 

216. What truth is asserted by Proposition V? Art. 
248. 

217. Demonstrate Proposition VI. Art, 249. 

218. What is the meaning of composition in Proposition 
VII? Art. 250. 

219. Demonstrate Proposition VIII. Art. 251. 

220. Demonstrate Proposition IX. Art. 252. 

221. Illustrate, by suitable examples, Proposition X. Art. 
253. 

222. Make clear the truth of Proposition XI. Art. 254. 

223. What do you understand by Proposition XII. Art. 
255. 



PHYSIOLOGY. 

The references following the questions on this subject are to " Elements 
of Physiology and Hygiene," by R. T. Brown, M. D. 

1. Into what two classes are material things divided ? 
What do chemistry and physiology respectively teach us in 
relation to them? Art. 1. 

2. How do organic and inorganic bodies grow ? Art. 2 
and 3. 

3. What gives their peculiar character to organic bod- 
ies? Art. 4. 



PHYSIOLOGY. 139 

4. How are organic bodies divided? How do they 
differ? Art. 5. 

5. How would you describe animals in distinction from 
vegetables? Art. 6 and 7. 

6. What division of animals arises from the degree of 
perfection of their powers? What class is probably the 
most numerous? Art. 8. 

7. Name four well defined types of life. Art. 8. 

8. How are vertebrate animals classified? Art. 9. 

9. Define an organ and a function. Art. 9, Recapitu- 
lation. 

10. How do anatomy and physiology differ? Art. 10. 

11. What is the difference between animal and vegetable 
nutrition? Art. 12. 

12. Name an invariable condition of animal life. Art. 13. 

13. In what respects does man differ from the lower an- 
imals? Art. 14. 

14. What organ in man makes him to differ from all 
other animals? Art. 15. 

15. What makes man to differ from, and renders him 
superior to, all other animals? Art. 16 and 17. 

16. Of what is the human body composed? What 
changes take place in these as time advances ? Art. 18. 

17. Name the tissues that make up the physical system. 
Describe the character and function of each. Art. 19. 

18. What three systems are found to be acting in concert 
in the human body? Art. 20. 

19. Define nutrition, its object, and mode of operation 
Art. 21. 

20. What is the peculiar function of the mouth in nutri- 
tion, and how does it operate? Art. 22. 

21. What membranes are found in the mouth, and what 
is their office? Art. 22. 

22. Describe and classify the teeth. Art. 23. 

23. What glands furnish saliva in mastication, and how 
do they operate? Art. 24. 



140 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

24. What is the principal office of saliva ? Art. 25. 

25. Describe the tongue and the pharynx and the office or 
function of each. Art. 26. 

26. What is the oesophagus, and what its structure and 
function? Art. 27. 

27. Describe the stomach, its location, structure, and 
use. Art. 28-30. 

28. What is the process of digestion? Art. 31 and 32. 

29. Describe the intestines. Art. 33. 

30. What are the lacteals and mesentery ? What are 
their uses? Art. 34. 

31. How do the large intestines differ from the small, 
and how are they connected? Art. 35. 

32. Describe the colon. Art. 36. 

33. What are the location, comparative size, and functions 
of the liver and pancreas? Art. 37. 

34. Into what is the food finally converted, and what 
is then done with it? What is the office of the spleen? 
Art. 38. 

35. By what means is the circulation of the prepared food 
secured to every part of the body ? Art. 39. 

36. Describe the size, location, and action of the heart. 
Art. 40-42. 

37. Describe the veins and their use. What course does 
the blood take when it enters the general circulation? Art. 
43 and 44. 

38. What forces are concerned in the circulation ? Art. 
45. 

39. What causes the pulse ? Art. 46. 

40. What is the peculiar structure of the veins ? Art. 47. 

41. How may the veins be distinguished from the arter- 
ies? Art. 48. 

42. Describe the lymphatics and their functions. Art. 
49. 

43. What are the absorbents and their uses? Art. 50 
and 51. 



PHYSIOLOGY. 141 

44. What is anastomosis in relation to the circulating ap- 
paratus ? What practical use is often made of it by sur- 
geons ? Art. 52. 

45. Of what does the respiratory apparatus consist, and 
what is its use? Art. 53. 

46. Into what two great cavities is the body or trunk 
divided? How is each occupied? In which are the lungs 
situated ? What is their position ? Art. 54. 

47. What are the trachea and bronchia, their peculiar 
structure and use ? Art. 55. 

48. Describe the air cells and their function. Art. 56. 

49. What is the mechanism of breathing? How is it 
carried on? What are its results? Art. 57-59. 

50. What is the twofold object of respiration, and how is 
it brought about? Art. 60. 

51. What is the source of animal heat, and how is it 
regulated? Art. 61 and 62. 

52. What other means are there for purifying the blood? 
Art. 63 and 64. 

53. How is the temperature of the body maintained? 
Art. 65. 

54. On what does the heat of the body depend? Art. 
66. 

55. How much is known of the process of nutrition? 
Art, 67. 

56. Of what is the blood composed? Art. 68. 

57. What are the proportions which the ingredients of 
the blood bear to each other? Art, 69. 

58. What is the peculiar structure of the blood and the 
color and object of the disks found in it? Art. 70. 

59. Describe the cellular structure of the tissues. Art. 
71. 

60. How is the cell work carried on in the system, and 
with what results? Art. 72-74. 

61. By what agency is the cell work carried on? Art. 
75. 



142 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

62. On what do the quantity and quality of the blood 
depend? What proportion does the weight of the blood 
sustain to that of the whole body? Art. 76. 

63. Of what use are the bones in the animal system ? 
How are they formed, and what is their structure ? Art. 
77-79. 

64. Describe the mechanism of the long bones. Art. 80. 

65. When are bones sensitive and the opposite? Art. 81. 

66. How are the bones joined together? Art. 82. 

67. How are they kept in place? Art. 83. 

68. Describe the different joints of the system. Art. 84 
and 85. 

69. What is a skeleton? How many bones belong to the 
system? How are they classified for convenience? Art. 86. 

70. Describe the bones of the head and of the face. Art. 
87. 

71. What are the form and structure of the bones of 
the skull? Art. 88. 

72. Describe the trunk and spinal column. Art. 89. 

73. How many vertebrae are there in the spinal column, 
and how are they united? Art. 90. 

74. How many ribs are there? How classified, and how 
united to the vertebrae? Art. 91. 

75. Describe the bones of the pelvis. Art. 92. 

76. What bones belong to the upper extremity, and how 
would you describe each ? Art. 93. 

77. What bones belong to the lower extremities? Give 
a description of each. Art. 94. 

78. What functions do the muscles perform, and what is 
their structure? Art. 95. 

79. What are tendons and their use? Art. 96. . 

80. What is the union between the tendons and the 
muscles? Art. 97. 

81. What is the arrangement of the muscles for the pro- 
duction of motion? Art. 98. 

82. What is the mechanism of muscular motion ? Art. 99. 



PHYSIOLOGY. 143 

83. What is the general principle of the economy of mo- 
tion in the human body? Art. 100. 

84. What is the process of walking? Art. 101. 

85. By what contrivance is muscular motion greatly in- 
creased? Art. 102. 

86. How many pairs of the muscles of voluntary motion 
are counted, and what are some of the most complicated 
movements of which they are capable? Art. 103. 

87. Give some examples of involuntary muscular motion. 
Art. 104 and 105. 

88. Describe the organs of speech, and illustrate their 
mode of operation. Art. 106-108. 

89. By what mechanical arrangement is the pitch of the 
voice managed and controlled ? Art. 109. 

90. How does the larynx become a wind instrument as 
well as a stringed one? Art. 110 and 111. 

91. What relation does the nervous system sustain to the 
muscular? Of what does it consist? Art. 112. 

92. In what forms of life is no brain found? What is 
probably a substitute? In what is the brain found in per- 
fection? Art, 113. 

93. Describe the structure of the brain and spinal cord. 
Art. 114. 

94. What is the medulla oblongata, and what membranes 
wrap the different parts of the brain? Art. 115. 

95. What is the nature of the matter of which the brain 
is composed, and what is its arrangement? Art. 116 and 
117. 

96. Of what are the nerves composed, and how are they 
arranged? Art. 118 and 119. 

97. What are the complex functions of the brain? Art. 
120. 

98. Describe the location and use of the first, second, and 
eighth pairs of the nerves of special sense. Art. 121. 

99. What are the motor and sentient nerves, and why so 
named? Art. 122. 



144 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK 

100. How are the nerves distributed, and with what re- 
sult? Art. 123. 

101. How do the motor and sentient nerves differ? Art. 
124. 

102. What are the pacinian corpuscles? Art. 125. 

103. How are sentient nerves distributed on the skin? 
Art. 126. 

104. Explain the function of sensation. Art. 127. 

105. What is the effect of even partial paralysis of a 
nervous trunk? Art. 128. 

106. Why is not the power of sensation distributed alike 
to all the members of the body? Art. 129. 

107. What are the chief seats of sensation? Art. 130. 

108. What causes the different degrees of sensation? Art. 
131. 

109. What is the office of the sense of touch? Art. 132. 

110. What are the organs of the sense of smell? Art. 
133. 

111. Explain the use of the turbinated bones? Art. 134. 

112. Which of the senses seems to be the least compli- 
cated? Art. 135. 

113. What is the advantage of being able to suffer pain? 
Art. 136. 

114. What senses have special organs? What belongs to 
the organ of hearing ? Art. 137. 

115. Describe the external ear and its use. Art. 138. 

116. Describe the drum of the ear and the eustachian 
tube. Art. 139. 

117. What bones belong to the ear, and how are they ar- 
ranged? Art. 140. 

118. How is dullness of hearing brought on, especially 
in old age? Art. 141. 

119. Describe the various things that belong to the laby- 
rinth, or internal ear. Art. 142-144. 

120. What is the nature of sound ? Art. 145. 

121. What is the philosophy of sound-waves? Art. 146. 



PHYSIOLOGY. 145 

122. What conditions are necessary for the transmission 
of sound? Art. 147. 

123. How is sound reflected, and to what extent? How 
is this illustrated by the ear-trumpet? Art. 148. 

124. Describe the mechanism of hearing. Art. 149. 

125. What constitutes the pitch of sound? Art. 150. 

126. How is the direction of sound determined? Art. 
151. 

127. On what do the musical faculties depend ? Art. 
152. 

128. How far is the sense of hearing voluntary? How 
may it be injured? Art. 153. 

129. How many and what are the muscles of the eye? 
How do they operate ? Art. 154. 

130. What protectors has the eye? Art. 155. 

131. How are the tears prepared, and what is their use? 
Art. 156. 

132. Describe the structure of the eye and the operation 
of its several parts. Art. 157-161. 

133. Describe the mechanism of vision. Art. 162. 

134. What is the fundamental law governing the move- 
ments of light in passing from one medium to another? 
Art. 163 and 164. 

135. Apply this law to the mechanism of the eye. Art. 
165 and 166. 

136. In what position are the images of objects seen 
formed on the retina? How are they corrected in our ex- 
perience? Art. 167 and 168. 

137. By what means is the eye accommodated to near 
and distant objects? Art. 169. 

138. What is meant by spherical aberration, and by what 
means is it corrected? Art. 170. 

139. How are long-sigh tedD ess and short-sightedness pro- 
duced? Art. 171. 

140. How are the size and distance of objects deter- 
mined? Art. 172 and 173. 

Q. B.— 13. 



146 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

141. Why are objects seen single when we know that an 
image is made on each eye? Art. 174. 

142. What is the special advantage of having two eyes? 
Art. 175. 

143. What is the influence of the mind on vision? Art. 
176 aud 177. 

144. Describe the motor functions of the nervous system 
and their use. Art. 178. 

145. What are some of the involuntary motions of the 
body? Art. 179. 

146. Whence come the nerves supplying power to the 
involuutary muscles? Art. 180. 

147. How does the importance of the ganglionic nerves 
appear? Art. 181. 

148. How are the passions and emotions expressed, and 
how alone can they be realized? Art. 182. 

149. How does the actor or other speaker avail himself 
of this physiological law of sympathy, and with what re- 
sults in his audience? Art. 183. 

150. When are the involuntary organs sensitive, and the 
contrary? Art. 184. 

151. What is the effect of sleep on the involuntary or- 
gans? Art. 185. 

152. What are the structure and functions of the spinal 
cord? Art. 186. 

153. Illustrate the complex nature of voluntary motion. 
Art. 187. 

154. In what do reflex actions originate? Art. 188. 

155. What is the effect of the exercise of conscious and 
unconscious motion, respectively, on the person ? Art. 189 
and 190. 

156. How do the nerves convey impressions? Art. 191. 

157. To what is communication with the brain absolutely 
necessary, and to what not ? Art. 192. 

158. Why is not sensation infallible evidence of the sit- 
uation of the pain felt? Art. 193. 



PHYSIOLOGY. 147 

159. How may the motions of the body be classified? 
Art. 194. 

160. How does it appear that thought is dependent on 
the brain? Art. 195. 

161. What relation does the development of the brain 
bear to the power of thought? Art. 196. 

162. What part of the brain is the organ of thought? 
Art. 197. 

163. What are the causes of involuntary thought ? Art. 
198. 

164. How is voluntary thought affected by training? 
Art. 199. 

165. In how many and in what forms dees the force of 
organic life manifest itself? Art. 200. 

166. What peculiarly are the functions of spirit? Art. 
201. 

167. When man is compared with the lower animals, 
what great difference immediately appears? Art. 202. 

168. Define sleep and its object. Art. 203. 

169. How does sleep affect the senses? Art. 204. 

170. How are the cerebral and spinal functions respect- 
ively affected by sleep? What is somnambulism? Art. 205. 

171. How does sleep influence the mental faculties? Art. 
206. 

172. Why is sleep said to be brain rest? Art. 207. 

173. How much sleep is necessary? Art. 208. 

174. In what respect is sleep voluntary? Art. 209. 

175. What causes the disease called coma? How does it 
differ from sleep? Art. 210. 

176. How would you define Hygiene? Art. 211. 

177. What is the special practical object of physiology 
in relation to health? Art. 212. 

178. What false ideas have prevailed and now prevail in 
regard to disease? Art. 213. 

179. How would you define health and disease ? Art. 
214. 



148 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

180. In what may a disease consist as well as in the per- 
version of the action of the organs? Art. 215. 

181. What is the best way to meet disease resulting from 
the perverted action of the system? Art. 216. 

182. What must be the influence of ignorance of the 
laws of health, and, on the other hand, of a practical 
knowledge of the same? Art. 217. 

183. Of what importance are the laws of health to the 
physician? Art. 218. 

184. What is the great purpose of taking food? Art. 219. 

185. Of what substances does digestible food mainly con- 
sist? Of what use are inorganic substances as food? Art. 
220. 

186. What are the sources of impurity in water ? What 
is the comparative healthfulness of hard and soft water? 
Art. 221. 

187. How is lime held in solution in water? How is it 
separated? How may the most healthful water be pre- 
pared? Art. 222. 

188. What renders water peculiarly unhealthy? Art. 
223. 

189. What is the proper temperature of water for drink- 
ing? Why is ice water peculiarly injurious? Art. 224. 

190. How are tea, coffee, and chocolate to be regarded 
as drinks? Art. 225. 

191. How are fermented and alcoholic drinks to be re- 
garded and treated? Why? Art. 226. 

192. What is the difference, if any, between animal and 
vegetable food? Art. 227. 

193. Into what three groups may our food be conveniently 
divided? Wherein is the old classification faulty? Art. 
228. 

194. Of what four elements does the proteine group con- 
sist? Art. 229. 

195. In what substances are fibrine, albumen, and caseine 
most largely found ? Art. 230. 



PHYSIOLOGY. 149 

196. Describe the properties and uses of gelatine. Art. 
231. 

197. Whence are the tissues derived, and what class of 
food is adapted to build them up? Art. 232. 

198. What is the comparative value of the amylaceous 
group as food ? What are its chief results in the animal 
economy? Art. 233. 

199. What are the characteristics of the oleaginous 
group, and what their composition and uses? Art. 234. 

200. What is proper as to the volume of food taken? 
Art. 235. 

201. What is true of milk as an article of diet? Art. 
236. 

202. In what condition may milk be safely and health- 
fully used ? Art. 237. 

203. Describe the nature of cheese and butter, and the 
proper way of using them as an article of diet. Art. 238. 

204. What is the dietetic value of eggs? How should 
they be cooked and used? Art. 239. 

205. What kinds of animal flesh are most common, and 
what is their comparative value as to nutriment? Art. 240. 

206. What is the best method of fattening animals whose 
flesh is to be used for food, and how may they be fattened 
so as to be utterly unfit for food? Art. 241. 

207. How may wholesome meat be distinguished? Art. 
242. 

208. What elements enter into the composition of good 
wheat, and what parts are chiefly lost by the common 
methods of grinding it? Art. 243. 

209. W'hat kinds of flour are most nutritious, and in what 
ways is flour often adulterated ? Art. 244. 

210. AVhat is the comparative value of rye and corn as 
bread materials, and why? Art. 245. 

211. Describe barley and oats as articles of diet. Art. 246. 

212. What is the dietetic value of beans and peas? Art. 
247. 



150 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

213. What elements enter into potatoes? In what pro- 
portions and how should they be used as food? Art. 248. 

214. How should the other succulent vegetables be used 
as food, especially onions? Art. 249. 

215. What degree of importance should be attached to 
fruits as diet, and why? Art. 250. 

216. What is the object of cooking food? Art. 251. 

217. What are the usual methods of cooking meats, and 
what rule is applicable to them all? Art. 252 and 253. 

218. Give the comparative value of roasting, broiling, 
baking, and frying meats. Art. 254. 

219. What is the proper method of cooking vegetables, 
especially potatoes? Art. 255. 

220. What are the best methods of preparing bread for 
food? Art. 256-258. 

221. Of what special use are oils and fats in sustaining 
the animal economy? Art. 259. 

222. What kind of food is considered the best for con- 
sumptives? Art. 260. 

223. What is the need of salt in the human system? 
Art. 261. 

224. What is the effect of such stimulating condiments 
as pepper, mustard, horse-radish, etc.? Art. 262. 

225. What is the effect of the habitual use of highly 
seasoned food, and especially of wine, beer, and other alco- 
holic drinks used at meals? Art. 263. 

226. How is the digestion affected by the use of vinegar, 
and what two cautions should be strictly observed in re- 
lation to it? Art, 264. 

227. What is the chemical effect of using soda in the 
usual manner in cooking? Art. 265. 

228. When is it safe to follow appetite in using food? 
Art. 266. 

229. How is the quantity of necessary food to be deter- 
mined? What is Dr. Dalton's estimate? Art. 267. 

230. How does digestion modify the quantity ? Art. 268. 



PHYSIOLOGY. 151 

231. How does the habitual use of tobacco and alcoholic 
drinks affect digestion and assimilation? Art. 269. 

232. What is the influence of temperature on food ? Art. 

233. What makes exercise and ventilation necessary to 
health? Art. 271. 

234. What changes in diet are necessary when the habits 
are changed? Art. 272. 

235. What kind of diet is best adapted to mental labor? 
Art. 273. 

236. How far may the appetite be trusted as a guide in 
regulating our food? Art. 274. 

237. At what intervals should food be taken as regular 
meals? Art. 275. 

238. What is the proper time for breakfast, and why? 
Art. 276. J ' 

239. Why should late dinners be avoided? Art. 277. 

240. What are the consequences of eating between meals? 
Art. 278. 

241. Why should not our meals be interrupted? Art. 
Z7&. 

242. What rules should be observed in eating our food? 
Art, 280. 

243. What is necessary for the mastication of food ? Art. 
281. 

244. What is the best method of preserving the teeth ? 
Art. 282. 

245. Why is it improper to eat when fatigued ? Art. 283. 

246. What should immediately follow our meals ? Art. 
284. 

247. In what disposition should our food be taken ? Art. 

248. What is the objection to the Spanish siesta ? Art. 

286. 

249. In what conditions of the system is the taking of 
food injurious? Art. 287. 



152 ECLECTIC Q UESTION B O OK. 

250. When is abstinence from food necessary? Art. 288. 

251. What is said of efforts to create an appetite? Art. 
289. 

252. What other circumstances require a change, both 
as to quantity and kind of food? Art. 290. 

253. Describe the relations of the heart and blood. Art. 
291. 

254. How may the circulation in the veins be hindered, 
and with what results? Art. 292. 

255. What dangers attend the compression of the jugu- 
lar veins? Art. 293. 

256. What is the effect of muscular exercise on the 
blood circulation? Art. 294. 

257. How do changes of temperature affect the circula- 
tion? Art. 295. 

258. What change of temperature is most dangerous to 
health? Art. 296. 

259. Does the mind affect the circulation? Art. 297. 

260. How can the bleeding of the arteries be stopped? 
Art. 298. 

261. Describe the process of breathing, and state the 
dangers to health resulting from compression of the ribs. 
Art. 299-302. 

262. How is perfect breathing secured? Art. 303. 

263. How is the vocal apparatus affected by imperfect 
or vicious breathing? Art. 304. 

264. What is the influence of imperfect breathing on 
health? Art. 305. 

265. What relation does breathing sustain to life itself? 
Art. 306. 

266. What elements enter into the atmosphere, and what 
dangers to health arise therefrom? Art. 307. 

267. What are the natural means of purifying the at- 
mosphere? Art. 308. 

268. What are the principal sources of impure air? Art. 
309. 



PHYSIOLOGY. 153 

269. What is the effect of breathing the oxygen of the 
atmosphere? Art. 310. 

270. Wherein consists proper ventilation, and what is its 
necessity? Art. 311. 

271. What care is necessary in warming rooms? Art. 
312. 

272. What are the peculiar dangers of ill-ventilated 
school-rooms? Art. 313. 

273. What is the effect on respiration of using alcoholic 
liquors and tobacco? Art. 314. 

274. What is the uniform temperature of the human 
body? Art. 315. 

275. What is the effect of perspiration on temperature? 
Art. 316. 

276. What are the conditions of uniform temperature? 
Art. 317. 

277. What precautions are to be taken, by invalids es- 
pecially, as to the temperature of rooms? Art. 318-320. 

278. How is the extreme heat of summer mitigated? 
Art. 321. 

279. Why is exposure to currents of air dangerous ? Art. 
322. 

280. What is the true object of bathing, and what is 
the proper method of doing it? Art. 323-326. 

281. What is said of clothing, its objects, its variations, 
and its materials? Art. 327-330. 

282. What is necessary for the nutrition of the bones, 
and what dangers are to be guarded against? Art. 331- 
338. 

283. What are the conditions of healthy muscular mo- 
tion? Art. 339-346. 

284. What rules and regulations should guide us in ref- 
erence to bodily exercise and rest? Art. 347-354. 

285. What principles apply to exercise and rest for the 
nervous system, and the development of its power? Art. 
355-362. 



154 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

286. What substances may properly be termed brain- 
poisons, and what are the peculiar effects of the use of al- 
cohol? Art. 363-370. 

287. What effects does alcohol produce on sensibility, 
the digestive function, and other powers and susceptibilities 
of our nature? Art. 371-378. 

288. What are the effects of alcohol on the mind and its 
faculties? Art. 379 and 380. 

289. What are its effects on the substance of the brain, 
on the membranes, on self-control, on the will-power, on 
moral sensibility? Art. 381-386. 

290. Describe the effects of the habitual use of tobacco 
and opium on the physical and mental powers. Art. 387- 
394. 

391. How may the early failure of the mental faculties 
be prevented? Art. 395-402. 

292. What means are to be used in case of injuries from 
accident, in bleeding from wounds, in cuts by sharp in- 
struments, in bruises and burns, in the approach of acute 
diseases, and in diseases of the bowels ? Art. 403-408. 

293. How should a physician be selected, and how should 
medicines' be used? Art. 409 and 410. 

294. How does it appear that the preservation of health 
is a moral duty? Art. 411. 



THE ART OF TEACHING-. 

The references are to the pages of Ogden's Art of Teaching, published 
by Van Antwerp, Bragg & Co., Cincinnati and New York. 

1. What is education? See Webster's Dictionary. 

2. Of what importance is earnestness to a teacher, and 
how does it manifest itself? P. 10. 

3. What place should be given to system by the teacher ? 
Pp. 11 and 12. 



THE ART OF TEACHING. 155 

4. What often leads to the want of system? P. 12. 

5. How should the teacher enter the school-room to en- 
ter upon his duties? P. 13. 

6. What preliminary exercises are proper for the open- 
ing? Pp. 14 and 15. 

7. What are the advantages of this method? Pp. 15 
and 16. 

8. What should ordinarily follow reading the Scriptures, 
and what style of singing is especially commended? Pp. 
16 and 17. 

9. What reasons can be urged in favor of prayer as an 
opening exercise? Pp. 17 and 18. 

10. What objection is sometimes urged against such open- 
ing exercises? How would you answer it? P. 18. 

11. What do you understand by organization? P. 19* 

12. Wherein consists its importance, and how is it to be 
accomplished ? P. 19. 

13. What is recommended as an important aid in this 
part of the work? P. 20. 

14. What are the advantages of a thorough organization 
of the school at the outset? Pp. 21 and 22. 

15. What is one great obstacle in the way of a thorough 
organization? Pp. 22-24. 

16. What is the first step toward organization, and what 
is the best method of securing it? Pp. 24 and 25. 

17. What is naturally the second step, and what is the 
best plan in effecting it? Pp. 25 and 26. 

18. What will naturally follow enrollment and seating, 
and why is an examination and classification necessary? 
Pp. 27 and 28. 

19. What is next to be done in organizing the school, 
and whence its importance, and how can the object sought 
thereby be best attained? Pp. 29 and 30. 

20. How should lessons be assigned, and what must be 
the consequences of indefiniteness or carelessness in doing 
it? Pp. 30-35. 



156 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

21. What assistance should the teacher give the class in 
assigning lessons? Pp. 35-40. 

22. What are the chief obstacles in the way of success- 
ful study? Pp. 43-45. 

23. What errors are prevalent in regard to the object of 
study? Pp. 45 and 46. 

24. What is the true object of study, and what difficul- 
ties stand in the way of its attainment? Pp. 46-48. 

2;"). What is the difference between instruction and edu- 
cation ? P. 48. 

26. Define acquisition as applied to teaching, and illus- 
trate its use. Pp. 48 and 49 

27. What other end is sought by study, and wherein 
consists its importance and harmony with the other objects 
of study? Pp. 49-51. 

28. What are some of the conditions of successful study? 
Pp. 51-53. 

►29. What requirements are often made by teachers that 
are unreasonable and wrong? Pp. 53-55. 

30. Of what importance is silence in school, and how 
may it be secured? Pp. 55 and 56. 

31. What relation do interest and attention bear to study? 
Pp. 57-59. 

32. What is the bearing on study in school by abstrac- 
tion, generalization, etc.? Pp. 60 and 61. 

33. What are some of the helps which the teacher may 
use to fix the attention and teach the habit of consecutive 
thinking about the lesson while studying? Pp. 61-72. 

34. How may narrative and description be used in school 
as a means of securing successful study ? Pp. 72-76. 

35. To what class of scholars are moral incentives to 
study to be addressed, and what appeals are apt to be the 
most successful? Pp. 76-81. 

36. What shall be done with pupils upon whom all these 
artifices, conversations, and appeals fail to produce any good 
effect in the way of study? Pp. 82 and 83. 



THE ART OF TEACHING. 157 

37. What is the comparative importance of recitation? 
P. 85. 

38. From what extreme to what extreme have the modes 
of teaching gone in respect to recitation? Pp. 85 and 86. 

39. What is the first object of recitation, and how will 
it be best secured? Pp. 87-89. 

40. What is the second object of recitation, and how is 
this often defeated by the misapprehension of the teacher ? 
Pp. 89 and 90. 

41. What is the third object of recitation ? Pp. 90 and 91. 

42. What is the fourth object of recitation, and how can 
it be best secured? Pp. 91 and 92. 

43. What conveniences are necessary, both for pupils and 
teachers, in order to effect successful recitation ? Pp. 92-95. 

44. What preparation should the teacher have? Pp. 
95-98. 

45. What sort of a voice is best for pupils and teachers 
in recitation? Pp. 98 and 99. 

46. What faults do some teachers commit in the use of 
the voice? Pp. 99-102. 

47. What quality of voice is especially desirable on the 
part of teachers? P. 102. 

48. What faults in the use of language ought to be 
avoided in teaching? Pp. 102 and 103. 

49. What should be the teacher's personal appearance? 
P. 104. 

50. What two extremes are to be shunned by the teacher 
in recitation? Pp. 104-106. 

51. What farther requisites are important in conducting 
recitations? Pp. 106-111. 

52. What method of recitation is insisted upon? Pp. 
111-118. 

53. State and illustrate the need of definiteness and ex- 
actness in recitation on the part of the pupils. Pp. 118-121. 

54. What is especially necessary in order to teach geog- 
raphy successfully? Pp. 122-124. 



158 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

55. What two extremes are to be guarded against in rec- 
itation? Pp. 124 and 125. 

56. What are the principal methods of prompting in rec- 
itation? What are the evils resulting therefrom, and how 
would you remedy them ? Pp. 126-139. 

57. What are the advantages and disadvantages of the 
concert method of recitation? Pp. 139-141. 

58. What are the benefits of, aud objections to, the con- 
secutive method? Pp. 141 and 142. 

59. What preferences has the promiscuous method? Pp. 
142 and 143. 

60. Describe the silent method of recitation and its ad- 
vantages. Pp. 143-145. 

61. What is the monitorial method, and how is it ap- 
plied? Pp. 145 and 146. 

62. What miscellaneous methods of recitation may be 
tried with advantage. Pp. 146-148. 

63. Describe the topical method, its mode of applica- 
tion, and its advantages. Pp. 148-150. 

64. What advantages has the lecturing method of recita- 
tion, and to what abuses is it subject? Pp. 150-152. 

65. What relation does the school sustain to the duties 
of life? Pp. 155 and 156. 

66. How should the school aid in establishing habits of 
neatness, cleanliness, and order among the pupils? Pp. 
157-160. 

67. How and in what manner may the school cultivate 
habits of promptness and punctuality ? Pp. 160-163. 

68. What aid should the school give in fitting the pupils 
for the duties and emergencies of life ? Pp. 163-166. 

69. What methods in conducting the school may be used 
as efficient helps in establishing promptness and punctuality 
in the pupils? Pp. 167-170. 

70. What other requisites are necessary that the school 
may have its highest efficiency in forming right habits and 
good character? Pp. 170-177. 



SCIENCE OF EDUCATION. 159 

71. What place does recreation occupy in the school? 
What is its object, and how best secured? Pp. 179-186. 

72. What are the requisites to suitable recreation? Pp. 
187-194. 

73. What sort of exercises are best adapted to recrea- 
tion? Pp. 194-202. 

74. Define school government. Pp. 205-207. 

75. What principles are involved in the proper objects 
and means of school government? Pp. 207-217. 

76. What should it attempt to do as a reformer? Pp. 
217-223. 

77. When is corporal punishment to be used, and when 
should it be avoided? Pp. 223-225. 

78. What are the objections to its use? Pp. 226-228. 

79. With what spirit must it always be administered? 
Pp. 228 and 229. 

80. What three forces are available in school government, 
and how should they be applied? Pp. 229-239. 

81. What should be the treatment of offenders when 
subdued and repentant? Pp. 239-241. 

82. What qualities should the teacher possess in order to 
govern his school successfully? Pp. 241-245. 

83. What moral qualities are especially requisite? Pp. 
245-248. 



SCIENCE OF EDUCATION. 

The references are to the pages of The Science of Education, by John 
Ogden, A. M. 

1. What three propositions may be assumed as lying at 
the foundation of the science of education? P. 11. 

2. Illustrate the first. Pp. 11-13. 

3. How would you establish the truth of the second? 
Pp. 13-15! 



160 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

4. How would you demonstrate and apply the third? 
Pp. 15-20. 

5. What two important inferences follow ? Pp. 20-23. 

6. What convenient classification of the whole subject 
is presented? Pp. 23 and 24. 

7. When should religious training begin? Pp. 27-30. 

8. Why should it begin thus early? Pp. 30 and 31. 

9. What are some of the earliest developments of a. 
physical capacity for education ? Pp. 31-33. 

10. How does the infantile intellectual capacity manifest 
itself? Pp. 34-36. 

11. What is the degree of moral capacity possessed at 
this early period of life? Pp. 36 and 37. 

12. What may be regarded as the transition period of 
life, and what are its characteristics? Pp. 37-39. 

13. Describe the physical capacities of this period, and its 
consequent dangers. Pp. 39 and 40. 

14. How do the intellectual powers manifest themselves, 
and what dangers are encountered? Pp. 40 and 41. 

15. Describe the moral capacity for education and the 
proper means and method for its development and culture. 
Pp. 41-43. 

16. What do you understand by the subjective period of 
life, and how would you describe its peculiar characteristics 
and capacities, — physical, intellectual, and moral ? Pp. 43-46. 

17. How would you define educational forces? Pp. 49-51. 

18. What educational forces are naturally adapted to the 
objective or early period of life? Pp. 51-58. 

19. What educational forces should be provided. for the 
intellectual development of this period ? Pp. 58-62. 

20. What instruments does man's moral and religious 
culture now demand? Pp. 62-67. 

21. Describe the transition period of life and the physical 
forces best adapted to meet its demands. Pp. 67-71. 

22. What are the intellectual forces suitable to this pe- 
riod? Pp. 71-76. 



SCIENCE OF EDUCATION. 161 

23. What are the moral and religious forces adapted to 
this period? Pp. 76-80. 

24. What are the physical, intellectual, and moral forces 
suited to the subjective or more advanced period of life? 
Pp. 80-84. 

25. By what processes are the young to be educated 
physically? Pp. 87-91. 

26. By what method is their intellectual culture to be 
secured? Pp. 91-94. 

27. What mode is to be employed in securing the moral 
culture of children ? Pp. 94-97. 

28. When the scholars reach what is often called the 
transition period, what methods are best adapted to their 
physical education? Pp. 97-100. 

29. What methods are best adapted to their intellectual 
advancement? Pp. 100 and 101. 

30. What moral processes are suitable to this period? 
Pp. 101-106. 

31. What physical processes are suitable for still more 
advanced life, often called the subjective period? Pp. 106- 
109. 

32. By what method can intellectual progress be best 
secured at this period? Pp. 109-111. 

33. In what way can moral advancement and culture be 
continued now? Pp. 111-115. 

34. What relation does physical suffering sustain to phys- 
ical education? Pp. 117 and 118. 

35. By what argument can you show that the proper 
education of the physical powers should be coincident with 
the development of the mental faculties? Pp. 118-122. 

36. How should the blackboard be used in the education 
of the hand? Pp. 122-128. 

37. How should the slate be used for the same purpose? 
Pp. 129-131. 

38. How may cards and blocks be made to subserve the 
same hand-culture? Pp. 132 and 133. 

Q. B.-14. 



162 ECLECTIC QUESTION BOOK. 

39. What may and should be done out of school (though 
in connection with it), in the way of excursions, to aid in 
physical education? Pp. 133-138. 

40. How may the specimens gathered be made available 
in recitation? Pp. 138-140. 

41. What manual and athletic exercises may be of great 
advantage in physical education, and how should they be 
applied? Pp. 140-145. 

42. What class of exercises are peculiarly adapted to 
develop the vocal powers and the lungs? Pp. 145-152. 

43. What relation does physical education bear to intel- 
lectual education? Pp. 155 and 156. 

44. How would you classify and define the mental fac- 
ulties? Pp. 156-159. 

45. What exercises are best adapted to their develop- 
ment in school? Pp. 159-162. 

46. What mode of instruction is best adapted to develop 
and strengthen the intellectual faculties of the younger pu- 
pils ? Pp. 163-166. 

47. What scientific facts may be used for the same pur- 
pose by the teacher, and how? Pp. 166-170. 

48. How may the teacher use maxims, mottoes, senti- 
ments, rhymes, and poems as aids to the mental culture of 
his pupils? Pp. 170-172. 

49. Define investigation and generalization as intellectual 
processes, and show their adaptation to mental culture. 
Pp. 172 and 173. 

50. What relation do the intellectual faculties sustain to 
the sciences, and what is their reciprocal influence on each 
other? Pp. 173-179. 

51. What place should language, history, and kindred 
sciences occupy in mental development ? Pp. 179 and 180. 

52. What place should be assigned to metaphysics for the 
same purpose? Pp. 180 and 181. 

53. On what does moral, social, and religious culture de- 
pend? Pp. 183-188. 



SCIENCE OF EDUCATION. 163 

54. Wherein consists its necessity? P. 188. 

55. Define philanthropy, and show its bearing on moral 
culture. Pp. 188-195. 

56. Define social culture and the best means of securing 
it. Pp. 195-202. 

57. What creates the necessity for amusements in social 
culture ? What and whence the dangers arising therefrom ? 
Pp. 202-207. 

58. What remedy should be applied? Pp. 207-210. 

59. What is patriotism, and what is its place and mode 
of application in moral and religious culture? Pp. 210- 
212. 

60. What is the true place of religion in moral culture, 
and how can it be made most effective in this direction? 
Pp. 212-221. 

61. What place does conscience occupy in moral charac- 
ter and culture, and how can it best be educated? Pp. 
221-224. 

62. W T hat are the moral duties inculcated by true relig- 
ion? Pp. 225-228. 

63. What is the office and influence of the will in form- 
ing and maintaining moral character? Pp. 228-230. 

64. By what means are right motives and purposes main- 
tained ? Pp. 230 and 231. 

65. What is the power of choice ? How , does it origi- 
nate, and on what is it dependent? Pp. 231 and 232. 

66. What are executive volitions, and how may the will 
be so educated as to secure their subjection to proper mo- 
tives and actions? Pp. 232-234. 



ANSWERS. 



Answers to all questions in the Ec- 
lectic Question Book will be found 
in the following books of the 
Eclectic Series: 

McGuffey's Revised Speller. 

McGuffey's Eclectic Spelling Book. Revised Edition. 144 
pp., 12mo. 

In revising this book, care has been taken to preserve all the excel- 
lencies that have so long distinguished McGuffey's Eclectic Spelling 
Book, and the chief changes that have been made have been sug- 
gested by the evident plan of the original work. Some of the most 
valuable features are: 

38 New and Beautiful Illustrations. 

Large Roman and Script Alphabets. 

The standard system of Diacritical Marks. 

Standard Orthography, Pronunciation, and Syllabication. 

Exercises on each of the distinctive marks. 

Numerous Lessons on Prefixes and Suffixes. 

Each Spelling Lesson is associated with some principle of Sound, 
Meaning, or Accent. 

Several separate Lessons on Pronunciation. 

Numerous lessons in Difficult Words. Dictation Exercises. 

Synthetic Exercises for Formation of Sentences. 

Lessons in Words Frequently Mispronounced. 

Lessons in Synonymous and Homophonous Words. 

Lessons in Words of Irregular Pronunciation. 

Lessons in Proper Names and Abbreviations. 

American and Foreign Geographical Names, 

McGuffey's Revised Sixth Reader. 

McGuffei/s Siocth Eclectic Header, Revised Edition. 12mo, 
Cloth. With eight full page Engravings. 

The introductory matter has been retained, as prepared by the dis- 
tinguished author, with but little change, and will be found invalua- 
ble for elocutionary drill. 

In making up the selections for Reading, great care and deliberation 
have been exercised. The best pieces of the former edition of the Ec- 
lectic Sixth Reader have been retained, and to these have been added 
a long list of selections from the best English and American litera- 



ECLECTIC EDUCATIONAL SERIES. 

ture. More than one hundred leading authors are represented, and 
thus a wide range of specimens of the best style has been secured; and 
wherever it was possible to do so, these selections have been compared 
and made to conform strictly with the originals as they appear in the 
latest editions authorized by the several writers. 

Ray's New Higher Arithmetic. 

Ray's New Higher Arithmetic. A Revised Edition of the 
Higher Arithmetic by Jos. Ray, M. D. 12mo, full cloth, 
408 pp. 

As published twenty-five years ago, this work has had a more ex- 
tensive circulation than any other similar treatise issued in this coun- 
try. To adapt it more perfectly to the wants of the present and fut- 
ure, it has been carefully revised. Almost every chapter of the book 
has been entirely rewritten, without materially changing the general 
plan of the former edition, although much new and some original 
matter has been necessarily introduced. 

Particular attention is called to the treatment of Arithmetical Signs; 
Metric System ; Percentage and its Applications; Mensuration; Top- 
ical Outlines for Keview; Miscellaneous Problems at the close of the 
work. 

Ray's New Elementary Algebra. 

Primary Elements of Algebra, for Common Schools and Acad- 
emies. By Jos. Ray, M. D., former Professor of Mathematics 
in Woodward College. 12mo, full cloth, 240 pp. 

The science of Algebra, properly taught, stands among the first of 
those studies essential to both the great objects of education, viz: the 
acquisition of useful knowledge and the cultivation and discipline of 
the mental powers. In the above named work the object has been to 
furnish an elementary treatise, commencing with the first principles, 
and leading, by gradual and easy steps, to a knowledge of the elements 
of the science. Every rule is demonstrated, and every principle ana- 
lyzed in order that the mind of the student may be disciplined and 
strengthened so as to prepare him, either for pursuing the study of 
mathematics intelligently, or more successfully attending to any pur- 
suit of life. 

Harvey's Revised English Grammar. 

A Practical Grammar of the English Language. Revised 

Edition. By Thos. W. Harvey, A. M. 12mo, full cloth, 

264 pp. 

A thorough knowledge of the elements, forms, structure, and laws 
of our mother-tongue can only be acquired by patient, persistent exer- 
cise in the analysis and synthesis of words, phrases, and sentences. 
The labor necessary for the acquirement of this knowledge, as well as 



ECLECTIC EDUCATIONAL SERIES. 

accuracy and facility in the use of our language, may be made at- 
tractive, but it can not be dispensed with 

It is claimed for Harvey's Language Course that it shows how this 
labor should be expended to secure the best results 

Necessary instruction is given in simple vet concise form, thus 
economizing the time and energies of both pupil and teacher. 

Eclectic Geography No. 2. 

An Intermediate Geography, with lessons in Map Drawing, 
by A. Von Steinwehr, and D. G. Brinton. 4to. 96 pp.' 
Numerous Maps and Pictorial Illustrations. The second volume 
of the Eclectic Series of Geographies, though complete in itself. 

In teaching the subject of Geography, satisfactory results can only 
be obtained from a method which furnishes the pupil with accurate 
maps vivid descriptions, and well designed illustrations, and teaches 
him how to study and use them to the best advantage 

In the Eclectic Geographies, the treatment of the subject is based 
upon the above principle. J 

adhered P to ilOS ° PhiC ' natUra1 ' carefull > r matured plan is consistently 

2. From the beginning, Physical and Structural Geography are 
Presented, both in the text and the maps, in conjunction with Politi- 
cal and Descriptive; obviating the necessity for separate maps or text. 

3. Surface Structure, or permanent form of land areas, a department 
of geography hitherto much neglected, is treated with especial care 

4. The topics of each Descriptive Chapter are presented in the 
order in which they should be studied, to show their connection and 
inter-dependence, and in a manner best calculated to impress the 
memory. * 

tiottf^Kt o r„ettd f ^7Sfvr n p s arative areas and popula - 

6. Complete and accurate Statistics; compiled from the most relia- 
dig sources, 

7. Special State Editions of the Eclectic Geography No. 2 are pub- 
lished for Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Kentucky, Tennessee, Michigan, 
Wisconsin, Iowa, Missouri, Kansas, Colorado, Virginia, West Vir- 

MasLwS. 1PP1 ' Alabama ' Ge ° rgia ' NeW Y ° rk <** Mar ^ land > 

Eclectic History of the United States. 

By M. E. Thalheimer, Author of Manual of Ancient 
History, etc. 12rao, half-roan, 354 pp., and appendix. 

The student's mind is not encumbered with a mass of details, but 
events are sketched in a clear, lucid, and simple style, easily under- 
stood and remembered. 

Seven double-page and two full-page Maps, unequaled in beaut y 
accuracy, and completeness. Ji 

Eeliable and well executed Portraits of all the Presidents, and of 



ECLECTIC EDUCATIONAL SERIES. 

other distinguished persons, accompanied by biographical sketches; 
also numerous pictorial illustrations of important places and events. 

Keliable Keferences, and Explanatory Notes containing interesting 
details of important historical events. The Notes and Keferences are 
in smaller type, thus making it possible to use the Eclectic History 
for either a short or extended course in History, as may be preferred. 

Declaration of Independence. Constitution of the United States. 
Questions on the Constitution. 

Complete Map and Record of Transfers of Territory in the United 
States, by means of which changes of proprietorship and jurisdiction 
of any State or Territory may be clearly traced. 

Synopsis of Presidential Administrations. Full and complete 
General Index. 

Brown's Physiology and Hygiene. 

Manual of Physiology and Hygiene, by R. T. Brown, late 
Chemist-in- Chief in the Department of Agriculture, Washington, 
D. C. 12mo, cloth, 288 pp. Illustrated. 

Brown's Physiology and Hygiene is divided into fifty lessons, 
with the intention of adapting it to the common division of the school 
year into terms of about twelve weeks each. 

For the purpose of easy reference, the work is divided into sections, 
and each section is numbered. To adapt it to the method of teaching 
by topics, each section is introduced by a head-line in full-faced type, 
embracing the leading topic of the section. 

A brief recapitulation is appended to each lesson, for the assistance 
alike of teachers and pupils in the work of reviewing. 

The Science of Education. 12mo, cloth, 234 pp. 
The Art of Teaching. 12mo, cloth, 248 pp. 

By John Ogden, A. M., Principal Ohio Central Normal 
School. These books are hound uniformly in full cloth and printed 
in clear type on fine, heavy paper. 

Ogden's Science of Education and Art of Teaching are de- 
signed to present the principles of right education and teaching in 
such a manner that the humblest may understand ; and so that by a 
careful study of these principles every teacher and parent may be 
able rather to build up his own system and exercise his own judg- 
ment in the special application of them than to adopt entirely the 
measures of another. 

The Art of Teaching deals with those questions and duties that 
relate to the teacher's work, such as organization, study, recitation, 
government, etc., together with some special methods of teaching the 
branches themselves. 

CINCINNATI AND NEW YORK: 
VAN ANTWERP, BRAGG & CO., Publishers. 



